New cranial material of Miotragocerus monacensis (Mammalia: Bovidae) from the late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Germany)

Hartung, Josephina; Lechner, Thomas; Böhme, Madelaine

doi:10.1127/njgpa/2020/0948

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The relatively simple horn cores with relatively faint keel-like ridges appear plesiomorphic, more like living boselaphins and unlike most Old World fossil tragoportacins (Bibi, 2009, Bibi et al, 2009) from the later Miocene such as Miotragocerus , Austroportax , Sivaceros , Sivoreas , Protragocerus , Kipsigicerus , and Tragoportax that normally have long, strongly compressed horn cores characterized by anterior step-like indentations and well-formed keels (Solounias and Moelleken, 1992). Even some species of Miotragocerus , a genus with diverse morphology that probably requires revision (Hartung et al, 2020:281), that have relatively simple, compressed shorter horns, such as M. monacensis , M. pannoniae , or M. abyssinicus , exhibit greater differences in degree of horn core compression, demarcations, prominent anterior keels, posterior groove(s), no posterior curvature, and no raised ridge between horn cores (see Spassov and Geraards, 2004; Bibi, 2011; Fuss et al, 2015; Hartung et al, 2020). Other Miocene “boselaphins” with cores exhibiting distinct keels, strong mediolateral compression, great divergence, and/or torsion differ from Neotragocerus and include Pachyportax , Plioportax , Samokeros , Selenoportax , and Sivaportax .…”

Section: Discussion Of Previous Assignations Of Neotragocerusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earliest known North American bovid, Neotragocerus

Martin

Mead

2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Neotragocerus represents the earliest recognized occurrence of the Bovidae in North America but is rare and poorly understood, known principally by scattered horn cores assigned to two species. Recently, the largest sample of Neotragocerus was discovered in the Fort Rock Formation of south-central Oregon where Eurasian immigrants co-occur. Horn cores, cranial fragments, dental material, and postcranial elements were found at five closely related sites and provide significant morphological data of this enigmatic ungulate. The specimens occurred in a ferruginous-stained basalt gravel that represents a paleochannel. Associated faunal elements indicate deposition during the Hemphillian NALMA, and 40 Ar/ 39 Ar dates from interbedded tephras, ranging from 6.11 + 0.08 to 5.74 + 0.01 Ma correspond with the Hemphillian assignment. Neotragocerus was a medium-sized bovid with relatively short horn cores, normally with dorsoventral ridges, ovate cross-section at the base, very short pedicles and a brachyselenodont dentition. Morphologies suggest assignment of Neotragocerus to the "Boselaphini," the least derived tribe of living bovids or at least derivation from a "boselaphine" synapomorphic complex. The Hemphillian genus does not appear to be closely related to later occurring North American bovids, and a close Eurasian relative is not obvious. Based on the range of variation displayed by the Oregon specimens, Neotragocerus improvisus is retained, and Neotragocerus lindgreni is considered a nomen dubium.

show abstract

Section: Discussion Of Previous Assignations Of Neotragocerusmentioning

confidence: 99%

The earliest known North American bovid, Neotragocerus

Martin

Mead

2022

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…At least six distinct fossiliferous levels have been identified, but the majority of fossils has been unearthed from the fluvial channels HAM 4 and HAM 5, dated to 11.44 and 11.62 Ma, respectively (Kirscher et al, 2016). Several studies have been published concerning the fauna (both vertebrate and invertebrate) of the locality (Fahlbusch and Mayr, 1975;Mayr and Fahlbusch, 1975;Schneider and Prieto, 2011;Fuss et al, 2015;Böhme et al, 2019, Mayr et al, 2020a, 2020bHartung et al, 2020;Kargopoulos et al, in press). They reveal an extremely high faunal diversity, comprising more than 130 terrestrial and aquatic vertebrate species, several being new to science.…”

Section: Hammerschmiedementioning

confidence: 99%

New early late Miocene species of Vishnuonyx (Carnivora, Lutrinae) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede, Bavaria, Germany

Kargopoulos

Valenciano

Kampouridis

et al. 2021

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study presents a new species of a large-sized lutrine from the upper Miocene hominid locality of Hammerschmiede, Vishnuonyx neptuni sp. nov., reporting the first occurrence of the genus in Europe and its most northern and western record. The new species differs from the already known members of the genus in size (intermediate between the African Vishnuonyx? angololensis and the Asiatic Vishnuonyx chinjiensis) and morphology, in particular in the larger P4 hypocone, the primitive morphology of M1 (paraconule present, enlarged protoconule and metaconule, labial expansion at the paracone area), the shorter and more robust lower premolars and the wider m1 trigonid. We hypothesized that the dispersal event that led to the expansion of the genus in Europe seems to be correlated with the water connection between Paratethys and the Mesopotamian Basin during the Konkian, between 13.4 and 12.65 Ma. In terms of paleoecology, it is here suggested that this form was feeding mainly on fish and less on bivalves or plant material, resembling the extant giant otter, Pteronura brasiliensis.

show abstract

“…From this level alone, 112 vertebrate species are known (147 from all levels together), including 73 species of mammals (84 mammals in total from the outcrop). So far, only a fraction of the enormous vertebrate fauna has been studied in detail, including carnivores [7][8][9][10], artiodactyles [11][12][13], beavers [14], small mammals [15][16][17][18][19][20] and birds [21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Buronius manfredschmidi—A new small hominid from the early late Miocene of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

Böhme,

Begun,

Holmes

et al. 2024

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The known diversity of European middle and late Miocene hominids has increased significantly during the last decades. Most of these great apes were frugivores in the broadest sense, ranging from soft fruit frugivores most like chimpanzees to hard/tough object feeders like orangutans, varying in size from larger than siamangs (over 17 kg) to larger than most chimpanzees (~60–70 kg). In contrast to the frequent sympatry of hominoids in the early-to-middle Miocene of Africa, in no European Miocene locality more than one hominid taxon has been identified. Here we describe the first case of hominid sympatry in Europe from the 11.62 Ma old Hammerschmiede HAM 5 level, best known from its excellent record of Danuvius guggenmosi. The new fossils are consistent in size with larger pliopithecoids but differ morphologically from any pliopithecoid and from Danuvius. They are also distinguished from early and middle Miocene apes, share affinities with late Miocene apes, and represent a small hitherto unknown late Miocene ape Buronius manfredschmidi. With an estimated body mass of about 10 kg it represents the smallest known hominid taxon. The relative enamel thickness of Buronius is thin and contrasts with Danuvius, whose enamel is twice as thick. The differences between Buronius and Danuvius in tooth and patellar morphology, enamel thickness and body mass are indicative of differing adaptations in each, permitting resource partitioning, in which Buronius was a more folivorous climber.

show abstract

New cranial material of Miotragocerus monacensis (Mammalia: Bovidae) from the late Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede (Germany)

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

The earliest known North American bovid, Neotragocerus

The earliest known North American bovid, Neotragocerus

New early late Miocene species of Vishnuonyx (Carnivora, Lutrinae) from the hominid locality of Hammerschmiede, Bavaria, Germany

Buronius manfredschmidi—A new small hominid from the early late Miocene of Hammerschmiede (Bavaria, Germany)

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About