New crosstalk between probiotics Lactobacillus plantarum and Bacillus subtilis

Abstract

It was reported that oral administration of Bacillus favored the growth of Lactobacillus in the intestinal tract. Here, this phenomenon was confirmed by co-cultivation of Bacillus subtilis 168 and Lactobacillus plantarum SDMCC050204-pL157 in vitro. To explain the possible molecular mechanisms, B. subtilis 168 cells were incubated in simulated intestinal fluid at 37 °C for 24 h, and up to 90% of cells autolysed in the presence of bile salts. Addition of the autolysate to medium inoculated with Lb. plantarum SDMCC050204 decreased the concentration of H2O2 in the culture, alleviated DNA damage and increased the survival of Lb. plantarum, as like the results of exogenous heme addition. These results suggested that the autolysate provided heme, which activated the heme-dependent catalase KatA in Lb. plantarum SDMCC050204. HPLC confirmed the presence of heme in the autolysate. Disruption of the Lb. plantarum SDMCC050204 katA gene abolished the protective effect of the B. subtilis 168 autolysate against H2O2 stress. We thus hypothesized that the beneficial effect of Bacillus toward Lactobacillus was established through activation of the heme-dependent catalase and remission of the damage of reactive oxygen species against Lactobacillus. This study raised new crosstalk between the two frequently-used probiotics, highlighting heme-dependent catalase as the key mediator.

Examining the Gastrointestinal and Immunomodulatory Effects of the Novel Probiotic Bacillus subtilis DE111

“…We recently demonstrated that four weeks of B. subtilis DE111 supplementation was associated with improved lipid parameters and endothelial function in healthy adults [ 21 ]. In addition, several in vitro and animal model studies have suggested that B. subtilis may modulate the mucosal immune system via production of antimicrobial peptides, exopolysaccharides, and quorum-sensing molecules, as well as through favorable modifications to the gut microbiota [ 22 , 23 , 24 ]. In elderly patients, intermittent use of B. subtilis strain CU1 increased fecal and salivary sIgA [ 25 ].…”

Nutrient L-Alanine-Induced Germination of Bacillus Improves Proliferation of Spores and Exerts Probiotic Effects in vitro and in vivo

“…The increased microbiota function of the spores induced by L-alanine was in accordance with the results in the anti-inflammatory and growth-promoting effect shown in Figures 5 , 6 . The improved intestinal microbiota by Bacillus administration might be caused by the metabolic activity and biological oxygen-capturing potential ( Yu et al, 2019 ), which are both closely related to the germination and proliferation of spores in the gut. Therefore, the results of the intestinal microbiota analyses also support the view that the germination of spores initiated by L-alanine could result in an increased probiotic effect.…”

Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus paranthracis Strain DB-4, Isolated from Nukadoko, Fermented Rice Bran for Japanese Pickles

“…Bacillus spp. may also protect lactic acid bacteria in fermented foods from reactive oxygen species through their catalase activity ( 4 , 5 ). To clarify the physiological role of Bacillus spp.…”