New Cyst Nematode, Heterodera sojae n. sp. (Nematoda: Heteroderidae) from Soybean in Korea

Abstract

A new soybean cyst nematode Heterodera sojae n. sp. was found from the roots of soybean plants in Korea. Cysts of H. sojae n. sp. appeared more round, shining, and darker than that of H. glycines. Morphologically, H. sojae n. sp. differed from H. glycines by fenestra length (23.5-54.2 mm vs. 30-70 mm), vulval silt length (9.0-24.4 mm vs. 43-60 mm), tail length of J2 (54.3-74.8 mm vs. 40-61 mm), and hyaline part of J2 (32.6-46.3 mm vs. 20-30 mm). It is distinguished from H. elachista by larger cyst (513.4-778.3 mm 3 343.4-567.1 mm vs. 350-560 mm 3 250-450 mm) and longer stylet length of J2 (23.8-25.3 mm vs. 17-19 mm). Molecular analysis of rRNA large subunit (LSU) D2-D3 segments and ITS gene sequence shows that H. sojae n. sp. is more close to rice cyst nematode H. elachista than H. glycines. Heterodera sojae n. sp. was widely distributed in Korea. It was found from soybean fields of all three provinces sampled.

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Heterodera schachtii and the Newly Recorded Cyst Nematode, H. trifolii Associated with Chinese Cabbage in Korea

“…The newly obtained sequences of ITS rRNA and CO I gene were aligned using ClustalX 1.83 program with datasets of ‘Schachtii’ group species, registered in National center for biotechnology information. Bayesian analysis of the sequence datasets was performed using MrBayes 3.1.2 (Kang et al, 2016; Sekimoto et al, 2017; Vovlas et al, 2015). The general time reversible substitution model (GTR+I+G) was chosen for this analysis and was run with four chains for 1 × 10 6 generations.…”

Identification of Heterodera glycines (Tylenchida; Heteroderidae) Using qPCR

“…To be able to rapidly diagnose crop damage caused by other plant-parasitic nematodes, qPCR assays should be developed continuously in the future. On the other hand, a white soybean cyst nematode ( H. sojae ) was newly recorded in a Korean soybean field (Kang et al, 2016). Kang et al (2016) distinguished H .…”

“…On the other hand, a white soybean cyst nematode ( H. sojae ) was newly recorded in a Korean soybean field (Kang et al, 2016). Kang et al (2016) distinguished H . sojae from H. glycines by the morphological differences in the vulva cone.…”

Differential Morphological, Structural and Biological Characteristics of Cysts in Heterodera Species in Korea

“…nematode H. glycines (Hg), and named H. sojae (Hs) that is distributed widely in soybean fields as Hg in Korea (Kang et al, 2016). However, other structural characteristics have not been compared in detail, which may be important in order to allow simple and reliable diagnosis of these two cyst nematodes at a species level that have similar host plant preferences and a common distribution in soybean fields (Kang et al, 2016).…”

“…Determining detailed morphological characteristics of cysts would be beneficial for correct differential diagnosis of preceding Hg from currently-recorded Hs and Ht even though they have different host plant preferences (Williams, 1982). This is especially true for differentiating Hg from Hs, because of their narrow host range and common distribution in soybean fields (Kang et al, 2016;Lilley et al, 2005;Williams, 1982).…”