“…A large number of experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to analysis the hydraulic characteristics of slope (Huang and Jia, 2009;Khanh et al, 2018;Li and Yang, 2019;Liu et al, 2016;Min et al, 2018;Nadi et al, 2019Nadi et al, , 2020Niu et al, 2011;Saada et al, 2012;Sun et al, 2012). In recent years, some scholars have established damage models to characterize the damage characteristics of rock in the process of loading (Gao et al, 2020;Liu et al, 2018;Mousavi et al, 2020;Wang and Xu, 2020;Wu et al, 2020;Ying et al, 2014). However, in their researches, the focus is mostly on the discussion of the model.…”