New Data onCosmobaris Discolor(Boheman) andHypolixus pica(F.) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) Associated withAmaranthus(L.) (Amaranthaceae)

Taxonomic and Functional Structure of Phytophagous Insect Communities Associated with Grain Amaranth

“…Nevertheless, this was not observed for the stem borer guild that presented more herbivore species outside the Americas. Considering that plants of the genus Amaranthus are particularly vulnerable to this insect guild and several species were documented from Africa and Europe (Louw et al 1995, Anno-Nyako et al 1991, Clarke-Harris et al 2004, Banjo 2007, Gültekin & Korotyaev 2012, it is possible that amaranth plants may recruit new species belonging to this guild in the introduced ranges (Bürki & Nentwig 1997). Herbivore species richness in a geographic range may be influenced by many factors, e.g., geographical distribution of the plant, structure and interactions within communities, and sampling efforts, among others (Strong et al 1984, Colautti et al 2004; thus, it should be considered that the list of insects associated to Amaranthus is still incomplete, especially in South and Central America where minor guilds are scarcely studied, and no information about damage levels by different guilds on cultivable amaranth are available.…”

Hypolixus pica (Faust) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) feeding on almonds in Antalya

“…In the Palaearctic region, occurrence of the species has been reported in Southwest Asian countries; Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates, and in European countries; only in France. In Turkey, there is only one record indicating the occurrence of the species in the southern part of the country (Gültekin & Korotyaev, 2012).…”

“…Pourtaherzarei et al (2010) conducted their studies in Iran and noted that the larvae of H. pica fed in the stem of A. retroflexus L., but its adults on the leaves and seeds of the same plant species, and had three generations per year. In Turkey, more recently, Gültekin & Korotyaev (2012) found that the larvae of H. pica fed on (actually in the roots) the root of the A. spinosus, and immature stages of the insect were developed in the root system of this plant and the adult H. pica appeared in the first week of September in the Hatay province.…”

“…An insect damage was recognized on young newly established almond orchard (50-150 cm tall), at the end of August, 2010, in Antalya (Varsak, N: 40 • 96ꞌ521ꞌꞌ E: 29 • 87ꞌ522ꞌꞌ). After determination of this damage was caused by the weevil, Hypolixus pica L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), observations were carried out to detect the feeding habits and damage rate of the weevil during the summer and fall of 2011-2013. Hypolixus pica has a large distribution range; such as Afro-tropical, Oriental and Palaearctic regions (Gültekin, 2012). In the Palaearctic region, occurrence of the species has been reported in Southwest Asian countries; Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Pakistan, Syria, Turkey and the United Arab Emirates, and in European countries; only in France.…”

“…retroflexus in Iran. In Turkey, although Gültekin & Korotyaev (2012) did not give any information about the feeding habits of the weevil, they found that larvae definitely fed on the roots of A. spinosus and completely destroyed the root system (Figure 2). However, in Antalya the larval host of the weevil could not be detected.…”