New Deformation-Induced Nanostructure in Silicon

Abstract

Nanostructures in silicon (Si) induced by phase transformations have been investigated during the past 50 years. Performances of nanostructures are improved compared to that of bulk counterparts. Nevertheless, the confinement and loading conditions are insufficient to machine and fabricate high-performance devices. As a consequence, nanostructures fabricated by nanoscale deformation at loading speeds of m/s have not been demonstrated yet. In this study, grinding or scratching at a speed of 40.2 m/s was performed on a custom-made setup by an especially designed diamond tip (calculated stress under the diamond tip in the order of 5.11 GPa). This leads to a novel approach for the fabrication of nanostructures by nanoscale deformation at loading speeds of m/s. A new deformation-induced nanostructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), consisting of an amorphous phase, a new tetragonal phase, slip bands, twinning superlattices, and a single crystal. The formation mechanism of the new phase was elucidated by ab initio simulations at shear stress of about 2.16 GPa. This approach opens a new route for the fabrication of nanostructures by nanoscale deformation at speeds of m/s. Our findings provide new insights for potential applications in transistors, integrated circuits, diodes, solar cells, and energy storage systems.

In vivo mechanism of action of matrix metalloprotease (MMP) in the autolysis of sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus)

“…For example, endogenous CysP such as cathepsin B, D, H, and L were involved in the destruction of muscle structures in several fish species (Bahuaud et al, 2010;Godiksen, Morzel, Hyldig, & Jessen, 2009). Meanwhile, endogenous proteases such as acetylcholinesterase, cathepsin L, and pepsin could hydrolyze the proteins effectively in several cephalopod species, thereby leading to the autolysis (Hurtado, Montero, Borderías, & An, 2002;Nagai, Nagamori, Yamashita, & Suzuki, 2002).…”

Bactericidal behavior of chemically exfoliated boron nitride nanosheets doped with zirconium

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Click chemical assembly and validation of bio-functionalized superparamagnetic hybrid microspheres

“…Nanoparticles (NPs) have widely been applied to develop novel environment-friendly methods and techniques. These constitute an advancement to traditional manufacturing, dramatically reducing the contamination or negative impact, to the environment (Cui et al 2019;Wang et al 2018). Chemical mechanical polishing slurries (Zhang et al 2019), diamond wheels (Zhang et al 2015) and novel machining methods (Zhang et al 2013) have been employed in a wide spectrum of fields, such as aerospace, ocean, nuclear, and power engineering (Zhang et al 2012).…”