New developments in coordinate measuring machines for manufacturing industries

Abstract

Abstract. There have been substantial improvements in measurement systems in order to meet fluctuating market demands. This rapid change and development in measurement technology has primarily been governed by demands of accuracy and precision from aerospace, automotive and other manufacturing industries. Coordinate measuring machines (CMMs) available with different technologies and configurations has efficiently been fulfilling customer demands for more than a decade. Though, current CMMs can meet needs of rapid and increased demands of customers to a greater extent but still there is lot of scope for improvement and development in CMMs. The globalization of manufacturing has resulted in development of variety of complex products and miniaturization of mechanical components. The technology of micro/nanoscale 3D measurement is still a bottleneck for industries. Therefore, precise and accurate system which is flexible enough to deal with complexities of parts and micro & nano range products has to be investigated. In this paper, comprehensive review concerning CMMs with capabilities to measure micro/nano features has been presented. This work has also discussed different methods to estimate measurement uncertainty, as well as performance evaluation of CMMs. Moreover, novel concepts such as intelligent CMM, multi-sensor CMM, virtual CMM have been presented.

Automated Coordinate Measuring Machine Inspection Planning Knowledge Capture and Formalization

“…The main characteristic of an expert system is the utilization of embedded knowledge aiming to solve a complex computational problem by comparing the under-test scenario against past similar cases and retrieving or modifying a suitable solution [21]. In the existing literature, this knowledge is codified in different forms depending on the nature of the system designed, such as a knowledge base and if-then rules, while the system's core may be based on a neural network, a genetic algorithm, a fuzzy logic module or, in some cases, a combination of all of these options [22]. ElMaraghy and Gu [23] developed one of the first expert inspection planning systems integrated with a CAD modelling system.…”

Design and characteristic research of contact probe for high-precision 3D thread-measuring machine

“…Thus, it is difficult to accurately control the assembly quality, jeopardizing the precision of thread-testing machines, which must follow the advanced manufacturing screw geometry parameters. Therefore, an urgent requirement exists for comprehensive measurements and 3D measurement techniques in the field of screw geometry measurement [5,6]. Gong et al [7] studied 3D measurement technology for several years and, in 2015, proposed a high-resolution and high-speed 3D shape measurement technology.…”

Finding optimal correspondence sets for large digital metrology point clouds using anisotropic diffusion analogy

“…As is found in coordinate measurement studies, uncertainties in the inspection operations have a direct relationship with the number of measured points (Feng et al 2007;Hammad Mian and Al-Ahmari 2014;Vrba et al 2015). Meanwhile, photogrammetry and laser scanners, which are widely used in coordinate metrology, function-based upon massive local data acquisition.…”