The direct conversion of methane (CH 4 ) into methanol (CH 3 OH) and HCHO in an Argon (Ar) 50W radio-frequency plasma system was applied and the effects of various feed compositions, CH 4 /O 2 ratio, and plasma discharge areas were compared. Additionally, the effects of various methane to oxygen ratios and plasma discharge areas were studied. It was found that in an Ar stream, the CH 3 OH conversion ratio in the CH 4 /O 2 plasma system was higher than that in CH 4 /CO, CO/H 2 and CH 4 /H 2 /O 2 plasma systems.The conversion of CH 4 reached 19.1% at CH 4 /O 2 = 40/60; the yield of CH 3 OH was 1.12% and 16.0% CO, the major product, was produced. A larger plasma discharge area, resulting in a longer residence time, corresponded to higher CH 4 conversion, but a lower CH 3 OH conversion ratio, because of further decomposition into CO and CO 2 . Interestingly, no carbon deposition was observed in the RF plasma system, and the carbon balance was between 0.94 and 1.19.