New diploid species in the Ranunculus auricomus complex (Ranunculaceae) from W and SE Europe

Dunkel, Franz G.; Gregor, Thomas; Paule, Juraj

doi:10.3372/wi.48.48205

Cited by 13 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Receptaculum trichome density has been regarded as an important differential character by most taxonomists (e.g., Marklund, 1961, 1965; Julin, 1980; Borchers-Kolb, 1985; Hörandl & Gutermann, 1998a; Dunkel & al., 2018). We assessed trichome density as the number of trichomes in a 0.25 mm² transect.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ranunculus calapius, R. austroslovenicus , R. mediocompositus , R. peracris and R. subcarniolicus grow in Slovenia and Western Croatia, partly in close sympatry, and were recently described (Dunkel & al., 2018). Obligate sexual reproduction was ascertained previously for R. marsicus (tetraploids) by Masci & al., (1994) based on embryological studies, for R. cassubicifolius , R. carpaticola and R. notabilis using embryology and flow cytometric seed screening (FCSS) by Hojsgaard et al (2014, and previous literature therein) and Barke et al (2018), and for the other taxa included here by Dunkel et al (2018) using FCSS and/or pollen quality measurements. For other European species of the complex, apomixis was confirmed using embryological (Häfliger, 1943; Nogler, 1984) or cytological data (Rousi, 1956), large-scale FCSS screenings on more than 200 populations (Karbstein et al, in prep.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Most of the species (about 600) were described during the 20 th century from Northern Europe (Marklund, 1961, 1965; Julin, 1980; Ericsson, 1992). In recent years, some new regional and local species have been recognized in Central Europe (e.g., (Soó, 1964, 1965; Borchers-Kolb, 1985; Hörandl & Gutermann, 1998c, 1999; Dunkel, 2015; Dunkel & al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ranunculus flabellifolius Rchb. (1832) is a conspicuous species probably restricted to the Western Romanian Carpathians (Jalas & Suominen, 1989; Dunkel & al., 2018). Nearby, a few occurrences were also mentioned outside of the Carpathians in Serbia (Stevanović & al., 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics supported by geometric morphometrics reveals delimitation of sexual species within the polyploid apomicticRanunculus auricomuscomplex (Ranunculaceae)

Karbstein

Tomasello

Hodač

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Phylogenomics supported by geometric morphometrics reveals delimitation of sexual species within the polyploid apomicticRanunculus auricomuscomplex (Ranunculaceae)

Karbstein

Tomasello

Hodač

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Clonal reproduction by seeds was undoubtedly a key evolutionary innovation and contributed to the persistence of numerous hybridogeneous apomictic lineages and their spread over large geographical areas (Bierzychudek, 1985;Hörandl, 2006). In contrast, diploid progenitors of asexual lineages are usually very rare and frequently geographically restricted to southerly situated glacial refugia (Merxmüller, 1975;Bierzychudek, 1985;Hörandl, 2006;Thompson & Whitton, 2006;Dunkel & al., 2018). In this context, the discovery of any new diploid species in apomictic complexes is therefore of utmost importance for understanding evolutionary and diversity patterns in these groups.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An unexpected new diploid Hieracium from Europe: Integrative taxonomic approach with a phylogeny of diploid Hieracium taxa

Mráz

Filipaș²,

Bărbos

et al. 2019

TAXON

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Hieracium s.str. (Asteraceae) is one of the largest angiosperm genera notorious for its taxonomic complexity caused by widespread interspecific hybridization. This process is tightly coupled with polyploidization and apomixis – asexual reproduction by seeds, which has ensured the persistence of otherwise sterile interspecific hybrids. As a result, apomictic polyploid taxa dominate the taxonomic diversity of the genus whilst sexual diploid species are extremely rare and mostly confined to southern Europe. As diploid taxa are assumed to be the parents of apomictic lineages, the discovery of any new diploid species is important for understanding evolutionary processes and diversity patterns in the genus. Here, we describe a new diploid species, Hieracium vranceae, a narrow endemic to the Munţii Vrancei (Vrancea Mountains, Eastern Carpathians, Romania). This taxon with a distinctive morphology and a strong affinity to relic rocky habitats was first collected in 2013. This means that, even in Europe, some regions, like the Eastern Carpathians, are botanically underexplored and might still preserve an undiscovered diversity of plants. Phylogenetic analyses with multiple molecular markers (low‐copy nuclear genes gsh1 and sqs, nuclear ribosomal ETS, four cpDNA loci) applied to all diploid Hieracium species support specific rank for H. vranceae. In contrast, molecular data suggest conspecifity of two pairs of species, H. lucidum/H. cophanense from Sicily and H. naegelianum/H. renatae from the Balkans, which are moreover only weakly differentiated morphologically. Molecular (cpDNA) and cytogenetic (GISH, FISH) analyses furthermore revealed that H. vranceae has been involved as a maternal parent in the origin of an allotriploid apomictic species, H. telekianum, to which H. vranceae contributed one haplome. The other putative parents of H. telekianum are the diploid narrow endemic H. pojoritense and probably H. sparsum s.l. Our data thus stress the importance of interspecific hybridization for an evolutionary shift from sexuality to apomixis in Hieracium. Our findings furthermore highlight the significance of that part of the Carpathians as one of the most important evolutionary/refugial centres of Hieracium and suggest dynamic species ranges at a regional scale allowing physical contact of taxa whose distributional ranges are nowadays completely allopatric.

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Breeding system of diploid sexuals within theRanunculus auricomuscomplex and its role in a geographical parthenogenesis scenario

Karbstein

Rahmsdorf

Tomasello

et al. 2020

Ecology and Evolution

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The larger distribution area of asexuals compared with their sexual relatives in geographical parthenogenesis (GP) scenarios has been widely attributed to the advantages of uniparental reproduction and polyploidy. However, potential disadvantages of sexuals due to their breeding system have received little attention so far. Here, we study the breeding system of five narrowly distributed sexual lineages of Ranunculus notabilis s.l. ( R. auricomus complex) and its effects on outcrossing, inbreeding, female fitness, and heterozygosity. We performed selfing and intra‐ and interlineage crossings by bagging 481 flowers (59 garden individuals) followed by germination experiments. We compared seed set and germination rates, and related them to genetic distance and genome‐wide heterozygosity (thousands of RADseq loci). Selfings (2.5%) unveiled a significantly lower seed set compared with intra‐ (69.0%) and interlineage crossings (69.5%). Seed set of intra‐ (65%) compared to interpopulation crossings (78%) was significantly lower. In contrast, all treatments showed comparable germination rates (32%–43%). Generalized linear regressions between seed set and genetic distance revealed positive relationships in general and between lineages, and a negative one within lineages. Seed set was the main decisive factor for female fitness. Germination rates were not related to genetic distance at any level, but were positively associated with heterozygosity in interlineage crossings. Experiments confirmed full crossability and predominant outcrossing among sexual R. notabilis s.l. lineages. However, up to 5% (outliers 15%–31%) of seeds were formed by selfing, probably due to semi‐self‐compatibility in a multi‐locus gametophytic SI system. Less seed set in intrapopulation crossings, and higher seed set and germination rates from crossings of genetically more distant and heterozygous lineages (interlineage) indicate negative inbreeding and positive outbreeding effects. In GP scenarios, sexual species with small and/or isolated populations can suffer from decreased female fitness due to their breeding system. This factor, among others, probably limits range expansion of sexuals.

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New diploid species in the Ranunculus auricomus complex (Ranunculaceae) from W and SE Europe

Cited by 13 publications

References 32 publications

Phylogenomics supported by geometric morphometrics reveals delimitation of sexual species within the polyploid apomicticRanunculus auricomuscomplex (Ranunculaceae)

Phylogenomics supported by geometric morphometrics reveals delimitation of sexual species within the polyploid apomicticRanunculus auricomuscomplex (Ranunculaceae)

An unexpected new diploid Hieracium from Europe: Integrative taxonomic approach with a phylogeny of diploid Hieracium taxa

Breeding system of diploid sexuals within theRanunculus auricomuscomplex and its role in a geographical parthenogenesis scenario

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