New drugs under investigation for the treatment of alopecias

Ocampo‐Garza, Jorge; Griggs, Jacob; Tosti, Antonella

doi:10.1080/13543784.2019.1568989

Cited by 36 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…We agree with the authors that there is clinical and experimental evidence to suggest an association between fat tissue and hair growth, such as the successful treatment of alopecia by fat tissue-derived therapy [3,4]. But the term "autologous fat grafting" is a nonspecific definition for fat tissue-based surgery, which has many technical variations for fat harvesting, preparation, and grafting [2].…”

Section: Dear Editorsupporting

confidence: 65%

“…A small amount of native adipose-derived stem cells is inherently grafted in the traditional approach, but this quantity is insufficient to be considered a true cell-enriched graft [5]. In a hypothesis-driven setting of stem cell-and growth factor-derived biomolecular pathway that affects hair regrowth [3,4], the potential clinical repercussion of each technical modality should be considered as distinct to draw meaningful conclusions.…”

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Hirsutism Induced by Facial Autologous Fat Grafting: Adding Questions to the Debate

Araujo¹,

Denadai

2020

Skin Appendage Disord

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Section: Dear Editorsupporting

confidence: 65%

Section: Dear Editormentioning

confidence: 99%

Hirsutism Induced by Facial Autologous Fat Grafting: Adding Questions to the Debate

Araujo¹,

Denadai

2020

Skin Appendage Disord

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“…Yet it remains insufficiently understood as to exactly which trigger factors lead to excessive production of IFN-g by skin-resident T and NK cells in patients with AA and thereby to the ectopic and excessive expression of MHC class I and II molecules in the proximal anagen HF epithelium. 1,2,14 That Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors, which inhibit IFN-g receptor-mediated signaling, can provide a very effective symptomatic treatment in many, although clearly not all, patients with AA (Fig 1, A) [55][56][57][58][59] and that discontinuation of JAK inhibitor therapy is generally followed by AA relapse 58 impressively underscore the central role of IFN-g in AA pathobiology. However, none of the currently tested JAK inhibitors are IFN-g specific, and several also antagonize signaling through receptors (eg, IL-10 and/or prolactin receptor) that are important in HF physiology, raising concerns about long-term adverse effects.…”

Section: Ifn-g: the Spark And Fuel In Aa Initiationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontiers in alopecia areata pathobiology research

Gilhar

Laufer-Britva

Keren

et al. 2019

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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This current review explores selected and as yet insufficiently investigated frontiers in current alopecia areata (AA) pathobiology research, with an emphasis on potential ''new'' players in AA pathobiology that deserve more systematic exploration and therapeutic targeting. Indeed, new evidence suggests that CD8 1 T cells, which have long been thought to be the central players in AA pathobiology, are not the only drivers of disease. Instead, subsets of natural killer (NK) and so-called ''unconventional'' T cells (invariant NK T cells, gd T cells, classic NK cells, and type 1 innate lymphoid cells), all of which can produce large amounts of IFN-g, might also drive AA pathobiology independent of classical, autoantigen-dependent CD8 1 T-cell functions. Another important new frontier is the role of regulatory lymphocyte subsets, such as regulatory T cells, gd regulatory T cells, NKT10 cells, and perifollicular mast cells, in maintaining physiologic hair follicle immune privilege (IP); the extent to which these functions are defective in patients with AA; and how this IP-protective role could be restored therapeutically in patients with established AA. Broadening our AA research horizon along the lines suggested above promises not only to open the door to innovative and even more effective immunotherapy strategies for AA but will also likely be relevant for other autoimmune disorders in which pathobiology, ectopic MHC class I expression, and IP collapse play an important role.

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“…This suggests that, even when topically applied, it may be systemically absorbed, reaching pharmacologically active concentrations. Novel drug treatments and formulations are therefore under development 27. A web‐based review on MXD use points out that 2816 people reported side effects caused by MXD, 51 of whom (1.8%) reported syncope 24‐29.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Novel drug treatments and formulations are therefore under development 27. A web‐based review on MXD use points out that 2816 people reported side effects caused by MXD, 51 of whom (1.8%) reported syncope 24‐29. Rare cases of association between the topical application of MXD to a mother's scalp and fetal toxicity and malformations have also been described 30‐32.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin‐minoxidil inclusion complex improves the cardiovascular and proliferative adverse effects of minoxidil in male rats: Implications in the treatment of alopecia

Maqoud

Zizzo

Mele

et al. 2020

Pharmacology Res & Perspec

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The efficacy of minoxidil (MXD) ethanolic solutions (1%‐5% w/v) in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia is limited by adverse reactions. The toxicological effects of repeated topical applications of escalating dose (0.035%‐3.5% w/v) and of single and twice daily doses (3.5% w/v) of a novel hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin MXD GEL formulation (MXD/HP‐β‐CD) and a MXD solution were investigated in male rats. The cardiovascular effects were evaluated by telemetric monitoring of ECG and arterial pressure in free‐moving rats. Ultrasonographic evaluation of cardiac morphology and function, and histopathological and biochemical analysis of the tissues, were performed. A pharmacovigilance investigation was undertaken using the EudraVigilance database for the evaluation of the potential cancer‐related effects of topical MXD. Following the application of repeated escalating doses of MXD solution, cardiac hypertrophy, hypotension, enhanced serum natriuretic peptides and K+‐ion levels, serum liver biomarkers, and histological lesions including renal cancer were observed. In addition, the administration of a twice daily dose of MXD solution, at SF rat vs human = 311, caused reductions in the systolic, diastolic, and mean blood pressure of the rats (−30.76 ± 3%, −28.84 ± 4%, and −30.66 ± 5%, respectively, vs the baseline; t test P < .05). These effects were not reversible following washout of the MXD solution. Retrospective investigation showed 32 cases of cancer associated with the use of topical MXD in humans. The rats treated with MXD HP‐β‐CD were less severely affected. MXD causes proliferative adverse effects. The MXD HP‐β‐CD inclusion complex reduces these adverse effects.

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New drugs under investigation for the treatment of alopecias

Cited by 36 publications

References 60 publications

Hirsutism Induced by Facial Autologous Fat Grafting: Adding Questions to the Debate

Hirsutism Induced by Facial Autologous Fat Grafting: Adding Questions to the Debate

Frontiers in alopecia areata pathobiology research

The hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin‐minoxidil inclusion complex improves the cardiovascular and proliferative adverse effects of minoxidil in male rats: Implications in the treatment of alopecia

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