New Duplex-Alloy Bare Metal Stent Enables Magnetic Capture of Endothelial Cells and Reduces Neointimal Response to Injury

A promising biodegradable magnesium alloy suitable for clinical vascular stent application

“…A stent is a small mesh-like tubular scaffold which is mounted on a balloon and expanded inside the target coronary artery to keep the lumen open. Medical metals and polymers are the most common materials used in manufacturing cardiovascular stent over the past decades 5 7 9 10 12 13 14 15 . Figure 9 illustrates satisfactory stent material (shadow area) required for clinical application and limitations of current biomedical materials.…”

“…Moreover, polymer stents are also associated with an increased risk of late stent thrombosis (ST) 5 . The conventional metallic implants based on stainless steel 6 7 8 , Co-Cr alloy 9 10 11 , Ni-Ti alloy 12 13 14 and Ta 15 are the commonly used materials for coronary artery reconstruction because of their high mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. However, the long-term host foreign body response (FBR) to permanent stent implantation often results in restenosis or lumen encroachment, brought about by the recruitment of inflammatory and smooth muscle cells to the intima with subsequent proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition 16 17 .…”

Enhanced Bioactivity of Mg–Nd–Zn–Zr Alloy Achieved with Nanoscale MgF2 Surface for Vascular Stent Application

“…Deploying stents in stenosed arteries is an effective way to expand the blocked vessel by overcoming the responses of acute elastic recoil and minimizing the vascular trauma after transluminal angioplasty. However, the clinical application of current permanent metallic stents such as stainless steel − and Ni–Ti shape-memory alloy , is challenged with several drawbacks, including long-term foreign body reaction, mechanical mismatch between the stented and nonstented vessel areas, delayed re-endothelialization, and high incidence of in-stent restenosis. Biodegradable and bioabsorbed stents that maintain the vessel structure in a limited period appear to provide an alternative approach to eliminate the complications associated with the long-term presence of permanent implants.…”