New epilithic δ15N-based analytical protocol for classifying Nitrogen impact in Lake Bracciano

Attribution and Sensitivity Analysis of Runoff Variation in the Yellow River Basin under Climate Change

“…A large number of studies have shown that climate change has brought new challenges to the water environment, which may be affected by changing water quantity, quality and aquatic biodiversity [12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Studies on the impact of climate change on water environment have been conducted holding that global warming will cause a series of water quality problems, such as eutrophication, which is mainly manifested by algae increase and nutrient circulation acceleration [19][20][21][22][23]. Quantitative research on the response of water resources under the background of climate change has also been carried out holding that climate change will lead to serious threats to water resource systems [24][25][26][27] such as aggravates global hydrological drought [28][29][30].…”

When Climate Change and Overexploitation Meet in Volcanic Lakes: The Lesson from Lake Bracciano, Rome’s Strategic Reservoir

“…While a specific list of volcanic lakes is not available, with a few exceptions Italian volcanic lakes are concentrated in four volcanic districts in Lazio, central Italy, one of the country's most densely populated regions, where they make up the majority of natural lakes and a large percentage of the deep lakes in the Mediterranean coastal area [34,42,43]. They are generally characterised by great depth (up to 170 m in Lake Albano, Lazio) small catchment areas and long water renewal times, mainly associated with precipitation, that make them very sensitive to anthropic inputs [44][45][46]. Urbanisation of the catchment area, water extraction and increasing recreational activities have progressively exposed volcanic lakes in Italy to water quality degradation [14,45,46].…”

“…They are generally characterised by great depth (up to 170 m in Lake Albano, Lazio) small catchment areas and long water renewal times, mainly associated with precipitation, that make them very sensitive to anthropic inputs [44][45][46]. Urbanisation of the catchment area, water extraction and increasing recreational activities have progressively exposed volcanic lakes in Italy to water quality degradation [14,45,46]. Among these lakes, Lake Bracciano, which is the second largest lake in the region (57 km 2 ) and one of the largest and deepest (165 m) in Italy, has been historically considered to enjoy a good ecological status, undergoing only slight ecosystem changes with respect to its expected ecological integrity in the absence of human influence, as per the Water Framework Directive.…”

“…Among these lakes, Lake Bracciano, which is the second largest lake in the region (57 km 2 ) and one of the largest and deepest (165 m) in Italy, has been historically considered to enjoy a good ecological status, undergoing only slight ecosystem changes with respect to its expected ecological integrity in the absence of human influence, as per the Water Framework Directive. Nevertheless, it has recently been affected by various types of anthropogenic pressure, exacerbated by the effects of climate change [14,44,45,47]. The lake is a strategic freshwater reservoir for the city of Rome and the Vatican, it hosts a high level of biodiversity, and it represents an important area for both commercial and recreational fishing.…”

“…The lake provides a number of ecosystem services. Primarily, it provides water for irrigation, it is an important commercial fishery, it is popular for game fishing and other recreational activities [44,45,54] and it is a strategic source of drinking water for the city of Rome and the Vatican State. The fish of commercial interest harvested in the lake are highly prized for both their nutritional value and the low residues of organic contaminants such as the pesticides dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) [55,56].…”