New Eras in Molten Salt Corrosion Research

Jones, Robin L.; Stern, Kurt H.

doi:10.1021/i360074a007

Cited by 4 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Titration curves.--The yttrium metal ion was added to the melt as YC13 in molten NaC1 or as Y2(SO4)8 in molten Na2SO4. As oxide ion is added coulometrically to the melt via the titrating SZ electrode, yttria precipitates from the solution 2Y s+ + 302-= Y2Oa(s) [1] The charge Q passed through the generating SZ electrode measures the total amount of O a-added to the melt, while the emf of the indicating SZ electrode measures the equilibrium amount of Na20 in the melt.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mathematical analysis of the data takes this initial condition into account. If the addition of 02-is slow, one may assume that reaction [1] remains at equilibrium throughout the titration.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extensive corrosion of metals occurs in gas turbines that operate in marine or other salt-contaminated environments (1). Corrosion is accelerated when a thin film of molten salt (mainly Na2SO4) covers the metal surface.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of Yttrium Oxide in Na2 SO 4 and NaCl Melts

Deanhardt

Stern

1982

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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Equilibrium constants for the acidic and basic dissolution reactions of Y2O3 , Y2O3=2Y+3+3O2− , and Y2O3+O2−=2YO2− , respectively, have been measured in molten normalNaCl at 1100 K and in molten Na2SO4 at 1200 K by coulometric and potentiometric titrations. In normalNaCl , the equilibrium constants on an ion fraction scale are false(1.4–2.2false)×10−36 and false(0.7–5.5false)×10−3 , respectively; in Na2SO4 , the constants are false(4.5–6.4false)×10−31 and false(0.1–1.4false)×10−2 .

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Solubility of Yttrium Oxide in Na2 SO 4 and NaCl Melts

Deanhardt

Stern

1982

J. Electrochem. Soc.

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“…were treated in oxygen-poor conditions, the sulfate decomposed to Na(g) along with the increasing temperature [32] , and the product reported to the matte phase. When the particles were further oxidized, the Cu-Na-S was able to form a Cu-Na alloy phase.…”

Section: Reaction Behavior Of Na 2 Somentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction Behavior of Na2SO4-Containing Copper Matte Powders in a Simulated Flash Converting Process

Xia

Zhu

et al. 2021

Metall Mater Trans B

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Sodium sulfate accumulation in the water system is a common problem in the production of primary metals from sulfide minerals. In flash smelting-flash converting copper smelters, when molten copper matte quenched in industrial water to produce matte granules, Na2SO4 precipitated and entered the system, which had negative influence on the matte converting process. The reaction behaviors of copper matte powder containing Na2SO4 have been studied through thermodynamic calculation and single-particle experiments. Calculated results showed that a liquid sulfate phase, Na2S containing copper matte, and Cu-Na alloy may form in the processing conditions of the converting process. The influence of the Na2SO4 dosage, fluxing conditions, and processing temperature has been systematically studied, and the results obtained showed that: 1); Na2SO4 physically precipitated on matte particles, and the Cu-Na alloy phase was found within copper phase in reacted particles; 2); Na2SO4 contamination hindered oxygen transfer by forming a low melting sulfate phase, and the de-sulfuration rate of matte powder changed dramatically along with the variation in Na2SO4 amount; 3); CaO flux was able to promote the converting reactions and Na2SO4 transformation; 4); Na2SO4 melt and formed a sulphate layer on matte particles at 1000 ℃, Cu-Na alloy phase was found in samples collected at 1200 ℃, and Cu-Na-O phase was detected in blister copper at 1600 ℃. / 20

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“…Since trace amounts of salt in the inlet air are likely to reach the air side surfaces of the recuperator, resistance to chloride attack is important. Low melting point, molten, mixed salts produced during combustion of fuels containing sulfur can cause hot corrosion on the gas side surfaces if the temperature is above 1,200"F. [5] In the low-temperature end of the recuperator, sulfuric acid will condense from the exhaust gas when gas side exit temperature goes below a certain level. Thus, careful selection of materials for marine recuperators is required to obtain acceptable life under high temperature, cyclic and corrosive conditions.…”

Section: Recuperator Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced‐cycle Gas Turbines for Naval Ship Propulsion

Bowen¹,

Groghan²

1984

Naval Engineers Journal

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Investigations are currently being conducted by the Navy and several contractors to determine the technical feasibility and cost effectiveness of advanced regenerative or intercooled‐regenerative gas turbines as a naval propulsion engine for future mid‐size surface combatants. A comparison of the performance characteristics of these engines indicates that significant increases in the thermal efficiency above current simple‐cycle engines will result by adding heat exchangers for regeneration alone or with intercooling. Design and performance characteristics of several advanced‐cycle gas turbines are described which utilize turbomachinery from various existing simple‐cycle gas turbines. Estimates of the weight and volume of recuperators and intercoolers for these conceptual engines are provided. The nominal part‐load fuel consumption trends of the simple‐cycle and the advanced‐cycle engines are used to compare annual fuel usage of typical ships with various combinations of propulsion engines. The relative impacts of the advanced‐cycle gas turbine on propulsion machinery spaces are compared with other energy efficient prime movers using the simple‐cycle gas turbine as the baseline. Commercial applications for an advanced‐cycle gas turbine are surveyed according to output power and market sector. This paper presents an overview of current results and discusses the technology areas which require additional investigation.

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New Eras in Molten Salt Corrosion Research

Cited by 4 publications

References 28 publications

Solubility of Yttrium Oxide in Na2 SO 4 and NaCl Melts

Solubility of Yttrium Oxide in Na2 SO 4 and NaCl Melts

Reaction Behavior of Na2SO4-Containing Copper Matte Powders in a Simulated Flash Converting Process

Advanced‐cycle Gas Turbines for Naval Ship Propulsion

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