New evidence of non-traditional Egyptian blue manufacture in the 6th century Ashburnham Pentateuch

Copper Soaps Formation in Verdigris–Linseed Oil Painting Mixtures: A Multispectroscopic Characterization

“…Usually, these systems are investigated with nondestructive techniques such as vibrational spectroscopies (FTIR, Raman), − X-ray spectroscopies (X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption, etc. ), − and UV–visible spectroscopy. , …”

“…), 12−15 and UV−visible spectroscopy. 16 In this context, Raman spectroscopy plays a relevant role: its versatility, nondestructivity, lack of sample preparation, and water interference, as well as its molecular specificity and capability to perform in situ measurements, make this spectroscopic tool essential in the archaeometry field. 18−21 Recently, a new spectroscopic tool has gained relevance among the plethora of characterizing techniques: electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR, also known as ESR, electron spin resonance) spectroscopy.…”

The Colors in Medieval Illuminations through the Magnificent Scriptorium of Alfonso X, the Learned

“…Medieval pigments identified in Iberian medieval manuscripts are presented in Tables S1 and S2 in Supplementary material S1 [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24]. In this Appendix, a brief introduction is also provided, and additional information can also be found in Supplementary materials S2-S4.…”

X-ray irradiation effects on Egyptian blue and green pigments

“…5 During the Middle Ages, it was gradually replaced by other blue pigments such as lapis-lazuli in Europe, 6 although it was still occasionally found on works of art until the 16th century. 7,8 Egyptian green seems to have been of use only in Egypt and until the 21st Dynasty (1069-945 BC). 4 Both pigments were found to decorate many art objects such as coffins, pottery, mural paintings, etc.…”