New findings of the coelacanth Mawsonia Woodward (Actinistia, Latimerioidei) from the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of Uruguay: Novel anatomical and taxonomic considerations and an emended diagnosis for the genus

Toriño, Pablo; Soto, Matías; Perea, Daniel; Carvalho, Marise Sardenberg Salgado de

doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2020.103054

Cited by 14 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…Due to the state of preservation of the specimen, the configuration of the teeth is one of the few features that could be used to approach a general taxonomic identification. The morphology of the teeth (see above) matches with the reported for the derived mawsoniids Axelrodichthys [ 27 – 29 , 102 ] and Mawsonia [ 24 , 103 ], although it must be warned that the presence of striations is not exclusive to members of this family [ 29 ]. As a note, although the dentition of the marine mawsoniid Trachymetopon (closely related to the previous two) has not been described until now, a pterygoid from a giant specimen coming from the Upper Jurassic of Normandy [ 38 , 108 ] also bears small radially striated low denticles (L.C.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

“…The sutural contact surface with the main coronoid located at the highest point of the angular is small in Mawsonia , even absent in some specimens, and much more developed in Axelrodichthys [ 29 , 103 ] (compare Fig 3A–3D and 3F–3H ). Although never mentioned to our knowledge, it also appears that a contact surface with prearticular is present in most of the angulars of Mawsonia examined, although sometimes very small as in the specimen from Uruguay [ 24 ] ( Fig 3C ), while this surface seems to be absent in Axelrodichthys .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

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The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

et al. 2021

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Today, the only living genus of coelacanth, Latimeria is represented by two species along the eastern coast of Africa and in Indonesia. This sarcopterygian fish is nicknamed a "living fossil", in particular because of its slow evolution. The large geographical distribution of Latimeria may be a reason for the great resilience to extinction of this lineage, but the lack of fossil records for this genus prevents us from testing this hypothesis. Here we describe isolated bones (right angular, incomplete basisphenoid, fragments of parasphenoid and pterygoid) found in the Cenomanian Woodbine Formation in northeast Texas that are referred to the mawsoniid coelacanth Mawsonia sp. In order to assess the impact of this discovery on the alleged characteristic of "living fossils" in general and of coelacanths in particular: 1) we compared the average time duration of genera of ray-finned fish and coelacanth in the fossil record; 2) we compared the biogeographic signal from Mawsonia with the signal from the rest of the vertebrate assemblage of the Woodbine formation; and 3) we compared these life traits with those of Latimeria. The stratigraphical range of Mawsonia is at least 50 million years. Since Mawsonia was a fresh, brackish water fish with probably a low ability to cross large sea barriers and because most of the continental components of the Woodbine Fm vertebrate assemblage exhibit Laurasian affinities, it is proposed that the Mawsonia’s occurrence in North America is more likely the result of a vicariant event linked to the break-up of Pangea rather than the result of a dispersal from Gondwana. The link between a wide geographic distribution and the resilience to extinction demonstrated here for Mawsonia is a clue that a similar situation existed for Latimeria, which allowed this genus to live for tens of millions of years.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 79%

The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

et al. 2021

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“…As a note, the taxonomical criterion detailed by Carvalho (1976Carvalho ( , 1982Carvalho ( , 2002, Carvalho & Maisey (2008) and Toriño et al (2020) is followed. Therefore, the species "Mawsonia minor" and "M.…”

Section: United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…State reassigned according to Fragoso (2014). Since Forey (1998) the scoring of this character remained referred to the state 1 (5 extrascapulars), when in fact the genus has only 2 (see Wenz, 1975;Maisey, , 1991bCarvalho & Maisey, 2008;Toriño et al, 2020). Considering the absence of this state in the original formulation of the character, Fragoso (op.…”

Section: United Statesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of coelacanth fishes (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia) with comments on the composition of the Mawsoniidae and Latimeriidae: evaluating old and new methodological challenges and constraints

2021

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Institutional abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………Section 1: Inputs for analyses ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1.1. List of characters ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1.2. Scoring of Mawsonia …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1.3. Data matrix and notes ………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 1.4. Stratigraphic occurrences ………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 1.5. R commands for Stratigraphic Tree Analyses …………………………………………………………………….. Section 2: Phylogenetic analyses ………………………………………………………………………………………………….2.1. List of common synapomorphies of the analysis performed with all taxa …………….…………… 2.2. Majority rule consensus (50%) ………………………………………………………………………………………….. 2.3. Implied weighting (analysis performed with all taxa) ……………………………………………………………….2.4. Unstable taxa and Iterative PCR report ………….……………………………………………………………………….. 2.5. MPTs of the analysis performed without three taxa ……………………………………………………………….. 2.6. List of common synapomorphies of the analysis performed without three taxa ……………………... 2.7. Implied weighting (analysis performed without three taxa) …………………………………………………….Section 3: Time-scaled phylogenies ……………………………………………………………………………………………… 3.1. Time-scaled phylogeny with 'basic' approach …………………………………………………………………….3.2. Time-scaled phylogeny with 'mbl' approach ……………………………………………………………………… 3.3. Time-scaled phylogeny with 'equal' approach …………………………………………………………………… Section 4: Indexes throughout bibliography …….………………………………………………………………………..……… Section 5: Methodological considerations on the 'average ghost range' measure …………………………….

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“…Based on our model (see Material & Methods), the body length of the holotype individual reached 3.1 meters in length. Mawsonia bones were later found in various Early Cretaceous South American basins mostly Brazil but also Uruguay 38,39 , mainly represented by fragmentary elements corresponding to middle-sized individuals, but also to giant ones. One specimen coming from the Neocomian of Bahia is an articular head of a quadrate (DGM 1.048-P) and corresponds to an individual of 6.3 m in length according to Carvalho & Maisey 40 .…”

Section: A Review Of Giant Mesozoic Coelacanthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

Cavin

Piuz

Ferrante

et al. 2021

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The positive correlation between speciation rates and morphological evolution expressed by body size is a macroevolutionary trait of vertebrates. Although taxic diversification and morphological evolution are slow in coelacanths, their fossil record indicates that large and small species coexisted, which calls into question the link between morphological and body size disparities. Here, we describe and reassess fossils of giant coelacanths. Two genera reached up to 5 meters long, placing them among the ten largest bony fish that ever lived. The disparity in body size adjusted to taxic diversity is much greater in coelacanths than in ray-finned fishes, and is decoupled from a high rate of speciation or a high rate of morphological evolution. Genomic and physiological characteristics of the extant Latimeria may reflect how the extinct relatives grew to such a large size. These characteristics highlight new evolutionary traits specific to these “living fossils”.

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New findings of the coelacanth Mawsonia Woodward (Actinistia, Latimerioidei) from the Late Jurassic – Early Cretaceous of Uruguay: Novel anatomical and taxonomic considerations and an emended diagnosis for the genus

Cited by 14 publications

References 46 publications

The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

The first late cretaceous mawsoniid coelacanth (Sarcopterygii: Actinistia) from North America: Evidence of a lineage of extinct ‘living fossils’

A comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of coelacanth fishes (Sarcopterygii, Actinistia) with comments on the composition of the Mawsoniidae and Latimeriidae: evaluating old and new methodological challenges and constraints

Giant Mesozoic Coelacanths (Osteichthyes, Actinistia) Reveal High Body Size Disparity Decoupled From Taxic Diversity

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