New Forearm Elements Discovered of Holotype Specimen Australovenator wintonensis from Winton, Queensland, Australia

White, Matt A.; Cook, Alex G.; Hocknull, Scott; Sloan, Trish; Sinapius, George H. K.; Elliott, David A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0039364

Cited by 43 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…The humerus of Megaraptor (Porfiri et al, 2014) and Australovenator (White et al, 2012) resembles basal tetanurans (e.g., Allosaurus, Acrocanthosaurus, Piatnitzkysaurus; Madsen, 1976;Currie and Carpenter, 2000;Bonaparte, 1986) and basal coelurosaurs (e.g., Coelurus, Ornitholestes, Guanlong; Osborn, 1903;Carpenter, 2005;Xu et al, 2006; fig. 1) in being sigmoidshaped in anterior and lateral views, with a prominent deltopectoral crest.…”

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Megaraptor and Australovenator are currently the only megaraptorans in which the forelimb bones are fairly well documented (Calvo et al, 2004;Hocknull et al, 2009;White et al, 2012). Specimen MUCPv 341 of Megaraptor namunhuaiquii preserves articulated forearm bones (i.e., ulna and radius) and manus, but no humerus ( fig.…”

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore the entire distal end bends anteriorly, showing a sigmoid shape in lateral view. Notably, the distal humeral condyles of Australovenator (White et al, 2012) are well-defined and much more rounded anteriorly than those of Allosaurus, Acrocanthosaurus or Xuanhanosaurus (Madsen 1976;Currie and Carpenter, 2000;Dong 1984) (fig. 2), and are separated by deep extensor and flexor grooves not present in non-celurosaurian tetanurans.…”

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The best known megaraptorids are Megaraptor namunhuaiquii (Novas, 1998;Calvo et al, 2004;Porfiri et al, 2014), Orkoraptor bukei (Novas et al, 2008), and Aerosteon riocoloradensis (Sereno et al, 2008), coming from different formations of Turonian through Santonian age of Argentina; and Australovenator wintonensis (Hocknull et al, 2009;White et al, 2012White et al, , 2013, from Cenomanian rocks of Australia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additional evidence of the presence of megaraptorids in regions of South America other than Argentina comes from Brazil, from which isolated caudal vertebrae have been described (Mendez et al, 2013). Cretaceous formations of Australia have yielded several isolated elements referred to Megaraptoridae, including Rapator ornitholestoides (Huene, 1932;Agnolín et al, 2010;White et al, 2012), an isolated ulna closely similar to that of Megaraptor and Australovenator (Smith et al, 2008), more than one hundred isolated teeth (Benson et al, 2012), and probably an isolated astragalus (Molnar et al, 1981;Fitzgerald et al, 2012), and paired pubes originally described as tyrannosauroid (Benson et al, 2010b;Novas et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Phylogenetic relationships of the Cretaceous Gondwanan theropods Megaraptor and Australovenator: the evidence afforded by their manual anatomy

Novas¹,

Rolando²,

Agnolín³

2016

MMV

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General comparisons of the manual elements of megaraptorid theropods are conducted with the aim to enlarge the morphological dataset of phylogenetically useful features within Tetanurae. Distinctive features of Megaraptor are concentrated along the medial side of the manus, with metacarpal I and its corresponding digit being considerably elongated. Manual ungual of digit I is characteristically enlarged in megaraptorids, but it is also transversely compressed resulting in a sharp ventral edge. We recognize two derived characters shared by megaraptorans and coelurosaurs (i.e., proximal end of metacarpal I without a deep and wide groove continuous with the semilunar carpal, and metacarpals I and II long and slender), and one derived trait similar to derived tyrannosauroids (i.e., metacarpal III length <0.75 length of metacarpal II). However, after comparing carpal, metacarpal and phalangeal morphologies, it becomes evident that megaraptorids retained most of the manual features present in Allosaurus. Moreover, Megaraptor and Australovenator are devoid of several manual features that the basal tyrannosauroid Guanlong shares with more derived coelurosaurs (e.g., Deinonychus), thus countering our own previous hypothesis that Megaraptora is well nested within Tyrannosauroidea.

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Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Comparative Anatomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Phylogenetic relationships of the Cretaceous Gondwanan theropods Megaraptor and Australovenator: the evidence afforded by their manual anatomy

Novas¹,

Rolando²,

Agnolín³

2016

MMV

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Reconstruction of the pectoral girdle and forelimb musculature of Megaraptora (Dinosauria: Theropoda)

Rolando

Novas

Calvo

et al. 2023

The Anatomical Record

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Megaraptora is a group of enigmatic, carnivorous non‐avian theropod dinosaurs from the Cretaceous of Asia, Australia, and especially South America. Perhaps the most striking aspect of megaraptoran morphology is the large, robustly constructed forelimb that, in derived members of the clade, terminates in a greatly enlarged manus with hypertrophied, raptorial unguals on the medialmost two digits and a substantially smaller ungual on digit III. The unique forelimb anatomy of megaraptorans was presumably associated with distinctive functional specializations; nevertheless, its paleobiological significance has not been extensively explored. Here we draw from observations of the pectoral girdle and forelimb skeletons of Megaraptora and myological assessments of other archosaurian taxa to provide a comprehensive reconstruction of the musculature of this anatomical region in these singular theropods. Many muscle attachment sites on megaraptoran forelimb bones are remarkably well developed, which in turn suggests that the muscles themselves were functionally significant and important to the paleobiology of these theropods. Furthermore, many of these attachments became increasingly pronounced through megaraptoran evolutionary history, being substantially better developed in derived taxa such as Australovenator wintonensis and especially Megaraptor namunhuaiquii than in early branching forms such as Fukuiraptor kitadaniensis. When considered alongside previous range of motion hypotheses for Australovenator, our results indicate that megaraptorans possessed a morphologically and functionally specialized forelimb that was capable of complex movements. Notable among these were extensive extension and flexion, particularly in the highly derived manus, as well as enhanced humeral protraction, attributes that very probably aided in prey capture.

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Juvenile specimen of Megaraptor (Dinosauria, Theropoda) sheds light about tyrannosauroid radiation

Porfiri

Novas

Calvo

et al. 2014

Cretaceous Research

134

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New Forearm Elements Discovered of Holotype Specimen Australovenator wintonensis from Winton, Queensland, Australia

Cited by 43 publications

References 13 publications

Phylogenetic relationships of the Cretaceous Gondwanan theropods Megaraptor and Australovenator: the evidence afforded by their manual anatomy

Phylogenetic relationships of the Cretaceous Gondwanan theropods Megaraptor and Australovenator: the evidence afforded by their manual anatomy

Reconstruction of the pectoral girdle and forelimb musculature of Megaraptora (Dinosauria: Theropoda)

Juvenile specimen of Megaraptor (Dinosauria, Theropoda) sheds light about tyrannosauroid radiation

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