New fossils from the Paleogene of central Libya illuminate the evolutionary history of endemic African anomaluroid rodents

Coster, Pauline; Beard, K. Christopher; Salem, Mustapha; Chaimanee, Yaowalak; Jaeger, Jean‐Jacques

doi:10.3389/feart.2015.00056

Cited by 22 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…1). This group of skeletal elements comprises the calcar of bats (Schutt and Simmons 1998), the styliform cartilages of gliding rodents and one marsupial (Coster et al 2015, Kawashima et al 2017, Johnson-Murray 1987, Jackson 2012, the pteroid of pterosaurs (Bennett 2007), and was recently expanded to include the styliform element of Yi qi, a maniraptoran theropod dinosaur (Xu et al 2015) and the calcar of Maiopatagium furculiferum, a haramiyid mammaliaform (Meng et al 2017). Since these skeletal rods are now known from disparate tetrapod lineages, they seem less like evolutionary oddities than consequential skeletal novelties characteristic of membranous body plans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

Stanchak

Arbour

Santana

2018

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Neomorphic, membrane-associated skeletal rods are found in disparate vertebrate lineages, but their evolution is poorly understood. Here we show that one of these elements—the calcar of bats (Chiroptera)—is a skeletal novelty that has anatomically diversified. Our comparisons of evolutionary models of calcar length and corresponding disparity-through-time analyses indicate that the calcar diversified early in the evolutionary history of Chiroptera, as bats systematically radiated after evolving the capacity for flight. We find interspecific variation in a variety of anatomical parameters of probable importance for calcar function, which suggests that adaptive advantages provided by the calcar led to its anatomical diversification. In addition to overall length, we find that the calcar varies among bats in its tissue composition, and a synovial joint is present at the articulation between the calcar and the calcaneus ankle bone in some species. This suggests the calcar has a kinematic functional role. Our results demonstrate that novel skeletal additions can become integrated into vertebrate body plans and subsequently evolve into a variety of forms, potentially impacting clade diversification by expanding the available morphological space into which organisms can evolve.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These structures are indicated in pink in the schematic drawing. Drawings based onXu et al 2015, Meng et al 2017, Bennett 2007, Witton 2013, Coster et al 2015, Kawashima et al 2017, Johnson-Murray 1987, Jackson 2012…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

Stanchak

Arbour

Santana

2018

Preprint

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“…This group of skeletal elements comprises the calcar of bats (Schutt and Simmons ), the styliform cartilages of gliding rodents and one marsupial (Johnson‐Murray ; Jackson ; Coster et al. ; Kawashima et al. ), the pteroid of pterosaurs (Bennett ), and was recently expanded to include the styliform element of Yi qi , a maniraptoran theropod dinosaur (Xu et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drawings based on Johnson‐Murray , Bennett , Jackson , Witton , Coster et al. , Xu et al. , Kawashima et al.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). This group of skeletal elements comprises the calcar of bats (Schutt and Simmons 1998), the styliform cartilages of gliding rodents and one marsupial (Johnson-Murray 1987;Jackson 2012;Coster et al 2015;Kawashima et al 2017), the pteroid of pterosaurs (Bennett 2007), and was recently expanded to include the styliform element of Yi qi, a maniraptoran theropod dinosaur (Xu et al 2015), and the calcar of Maiopatagium furculiferum, a haramiyid mammaliaform (Meng et al 2017). Because these skeletal rods are now known from disparate amniote lineages, †Pterosauria (130-150 species) †Yi qi (Theropod dinosaur) †Maiopatagium furculiferum (Haramiyid mammaliaform) Anomalurid rodents (7 species) Bats (1300+ species)…”

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confidence: 99%

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Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

2019

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Neomorphic, membrane‐associated skeletal rods are found in disparate vertebrate lineages, but their evolution is poorly understood. Here we show that one of these elements—the calcar of bats (Chiroptera)—is a skeletal novelty that has anatomically diversified. Comparisons of evolutionary models of calcar length and corresponding disparity‐through‐time analyses indicate that the calcar diversified early in the evolutionary history of Chiroptera, as bats phylogenetically diversified after evolving the capacity for flight. This interspecific variation in calcar length and its relative proportion to tibia and forearm length is of functional relevance to flight‐related behaviors. We also find that the calcar varies in its tissue composition among bats, which might affect its response to mechanical loading. We confirm the presence of a synovial joint at the articulation between the calcar and the calcaneus in some species, which suggests the calcar has a kinematic functional role. Collectively, this functionally relevant variation suggests that adaptive advantages provided by the calcar led to its anatomical diversification. Our results demonstrate that novel skeletal additions can become integrated into vertebrate body plans and subsequently evolve into a variety of forms, potentially impacting clade diversification by expanding the available morphological space into which organisms can evolve.

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Early anthropoid primates: New data and new questions

Chaimanee,

Chavasseau,

Lazzari

et al. 2024

Evolutionary Anthropology

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Although the evolutionary history of anthropoid primates (monkeys, apes, and humans) appears relatively well‐documented, there is limited data available regarding their origins and early evolution. We review and discuss here the earliest records of anthropoid primates from Asia, Africa, and South America. New fossils provide strong support for the Asian origin of anthropoid primates. However, the earliest recorded anthropoids from Africa and South America are still subject to debate, and the early evolution and dispersal of platyrhines to South America remain unclear. Because of the rarity and incomplete nature of many stem anthropoid taxa, establishing the phylogenetic relationships among the earliest anthropoids remains challenging. Nonetheless, by examining evidence from anthropoids and other mammalian groups, we demonstrate that several dispersal events occurred between South Asia and Afro‐Arabia during the middle Eocene to the early Oligocene. It is possible that a microplate situated in the middle of the Neotethys Ocean significantly reduced the distance of overseas dispersal.

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New fossils from the Paleogene of central Libya illuminate the evolutionary history of endemic African anomaluroid rodents

Cited by 22 publications

References 49 publications

Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

Anatomical diversification of a skeletal novelty in bat feet

Early anthropoid primates: New data and new questions

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