New Functional Derivatives of 9-Phenylquinine

Boratyński, Przemysław J.; Skarżewski, Jacek

doi:10.1055/s-0029-1216933

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

(9 reference statements)

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How have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long-range Transported Ozone to North America?

Mathur¹,

Kang²,

Napelenok³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Several locations across the United States in non-compliance with the national standard for ground-level ozone (O 3 ) are thought to have sizeable influences from distant extra-regional emission sources or natural stratospheric O 3 , which complicates design of local emission control measures. To quantify the amount of long-range transported O 3 (LRT O 3 ), its origin, and change over time, we conduct and analyze detailed sensitivity calculations characterizing the response of O 3 to emissions from different source regions across the Northern Hemisphere in conjunction with multi-decadal simulations of tropospheric O 3 distributions and changes. Model calculations show that the amount of O 3 at any location attributable to sources outside North America varies both spatially and seasonally. On a seasonal-mean basis, during 1990-2010, LRT O 3 attributable to international sources steadily increased by 0.06-0.2 ppb yr -1 at locations across the United States and arose from superposition of unequal and contrasting trends in individual source-region contributions, which help inform attribution of the trend evident in O 3 measurements. Contributions of emissions from Europe steadily declined through 2010, while those from Asian emissions increased and remained dominant. Steadily rising NOx emissions from international shipping resulted in increasing contributions to LRT O 3 , comparable to those from Asian emissions in recent years. Central American emissions contribute a significant fraction of LRT O 3 in southwestern United States. In addition to the LRT O 3 attributable to emissions outside of North America, background O 3 across the continental United States is comprised of a sizeable and spatially variable fraction that is of stratospheric origin (29-78%). Hosted fileessoar.10512125.1.docx available at https://authorea.com/users/554228/articles/605532-howhave-divergent-global-emission-trends-influenced-long-range-transported-ozone-to-northamerica Hosted file o3-lrt-trends-supportinginformation-r1.docx

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How have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long-range Transported Ozone to North America?

Mathur¹,

Kang²,

Napelenok³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Chemistry and Biology of Cinchona Alkaloids

Kacprzak

2013

Natural Products

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Tricyclic Quaternary Ammonium Salts Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids

et al. 2016

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Tricyclic systems with quaternary bridgehead nitrogen atoms are rare but an interesting class of compounds. Chiral quinuclidine derivative salts with fused five and six-membered rings (X-ray) were obtained via modification of Cinchona alkaloids. The ease of ring formation was dependent on its size, while even mild activation sufficed to close the five membered ring. On the other hand the systems with fused benzene and a six-membered ring formed atropisomers separated by a barrier of ca. 15 kcal/mol, whose interconversion was studied by DFT and NMR.

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New Functional Derivatives of 9-Phenylquinine

Abstract: A rapid synthesis of various 9-aryl derivatives of quinine is presented. They are obtained via coupling reactions of functionalized arylmagnesium halides and 9-chloroquinine.

Cited by 3 publications

References 3 publications

How have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long-range Transported Ozone to North America?

How have Divergent Global Emission Trends Influenced Long-range Transported Ozone to North America?

Chemistry and Biology of Cinchona Alkaloids

Tricyclic Quaternary Ammonium Salts Derived from Cinchona Alkaloids

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