“…Among applications of the DFT; sine and cosine waves of the DFT with different frequencies are used to classify the traffic monitoring sites into different seasonal patterns [35], DST has been identified as the method which generates better results for noise estimation as compared with Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) and the DFT [10], discrete fractional sine transform has identified as the method for generating fingerprint templates with high recognition accuracy [49], DCT, DEST, and DFT can be approximated to the Karhunen Loeve Transformation (KLT) and the connection of KLT to the color image compression [6,22,31,32], DST can be used to analyze image reconstruction via signal transition through a square-optical fiber lenses [47], spectral interference and additive wideband noise on the accuracy of the normalized frequency estimator can be investigated through discrete-time sine-wave [1], to mention a few. Together with the above, the engagement of DCT and DST in image processing, signal processing, finger print enhancement, quick response code (QR code), and multimode interface can also be seen in e.g., [2,7,11,12,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,29,30,39,40,43,44,45].…”