New Generalized Equation for Gas Diffusion Coefficient.

Chen, Ning Hsing; Othmer, Donald F.

doi:10.1021/je60012a011

Cited by 173 publications

(88 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…No plateau is observed for any systems. The diffusion coefficients (D) derived from slopes of the curves via D ¼ slope/6 are 0.455 and 0.451 (10 À9 m 2 /s) for the NA þ water and PG þ NA þ water systems, respectively, which fall in the typical range of diffusion coefficients in liquids (the bulk data of diffusion coefficients in liquids appear in the magnitude of 10 À9 -10 À10 m 2 /s [38][39][40] ). The results not only confirm that the aggregates in the PG þ NA þ water and NA þ water systems are still in liquid state (see more discussion below), but also demonstrate a strong correlation in dynamic movements of the aggregates in these systems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Cui¹,

Xing

Ran³

2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Cui¹,

Xing

Ran³

2010

Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

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“…Hence, the average time for 105 Tc to diffuse over 2 mm distance was estimated to be about 0.1 s at ambient conditions. Gilliland's empirical equation [38] has been applied to estimate the 104,105 Tc diffusion coefficient. Thus, we conclude from the non-transport of Tc that the reaction time between Tc and CO in the gas phase must exceed 0.1 s. This time includes also the deexcitation of the recoiling ion, which is supposed to be in the microsecond time scale at maximum in a gas at atmospheric pressure [39].…”

Section: − -Decay and Formation Of Tc(co)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Decomposition studies of group 6 hexacarbonyl complexes. Part 1: Production and decomposition of Mo(CO)₆ and W(CO)₆

et al. 2015

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Chemical studies of superheavy elements require fast and efficient techniques, due to short half-lives and low production rates of the investigated nuclides. Here, we advocate for using a tubular flow reactor for assessing the thermal stability of the Sg carbonyl complexSg(CO) 6 . The experimental setup was tested with Mo and W carbonyl complexes, as their properties are established and supported by theoretical predictions. The suggested approach proved to be effective in discriminating between the thermal stabilities of Mo(CO) 6 and W(CO) 6 . Therefore, an experimental verification of the predicted Sg−CO bond dissociation energy seems to be feasible by apply- Tc carbonyl complex, we estimated the lower reaction time limit for the metal carbonyl synthesis in the gas phase to be more than 100 ms. We examined further the influence of the wall material of the recoil chamber, the carrier gas composition, the gas flow rate, and the pressure on the production yield of 104 Mo(CO) 6 , so that the future stability tests with Sg(CO) 6 can be optimized accordingly.

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“…However, diffusion constants for various gas mixtures may be calculated using the molecular parameters of component gases (1) 0.43 X (T)00) X +-Atmospheric 03 causes the reduction of the growth rate of plants (5,8). Photosynthesis is reduced by the presence of 03 before the symptoms of damage are visible in leaves (6).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ozone Concentration in Leaf Intercellular Air Spaces Is Close to Zero

Laisk¹,

Kull²,

Moldau³

1989

Plant Physiol.

395

171

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Transpiration and ozone uptake rates were measured simultaneously in sunflower leaves at different stomatal openings and various ozone concentrations. Ozone uptake rates were proportional to the ozone concentration up to 1500 nanoliters per liter. The leaf gas phase diffusion resistance (stomatal plus boundary layer) to water vapor was calculated and converted to the resistance to ozone multiplying it by the theoretical ratio of diffusion coefficients for water vapor and ozone in air (1.67). The ozone concentration in intercellular air spaces calculated from the ozone uptake rate and diffusion resistance to ozone scattered around zero. The ozone concentration in intercellular air spaces was measured directly by supplying ozone to the leaf from one side and measuring the equilibrium concentration above the other side, and it was found to be zero. The total leaf resistance to ozone was proportional to the gas phase resistance to water vapor with a coefficient of 1.68. It is concluded that ozone enters the leaf by diffusion through the stomata, and is rapidly decomposed in cell walls and plasmalemma. diffusion resistance of the whole gaseous pathway from cell surfaces to ambient air:where E2 is the transpiration rate (minus cuticular transpiration); rg, the diffusion resistance in the leaf gaseous phase to water vapor; wi, the water vapor concentration at evaporating cell surfaces; and wa, that in the ambient air. CO2 is a heavier gas (M = 44) than water vapor (M = 18); therefore, CO2 moves more slowly than water vapor through the same diffusion pathway and at the same concentration difference. The ratio of the diffusion coefficients of H20 and CO2 in the leaf gaseous pathway was measured to be 1.62 (9).We could not find a value of the diffusion constant for 03 in air, DZ, in the literature. However, diffusion constants for various gas mixtures may be calculated using the molecular parameters of component gases (1) 0.43 X (T)00) X Abbreviations: E, transpiration rate; wa, wi, water vapor concentration in ambient air (a) and on evaporating cell surfaces (i); r8, rg, leaf gas phase diffusion resistance to water vapor (w) and to ozone (z); M, molecular weight; DW, Dz, diffusion constant for water vapor (w) and for ozone (z); T, temperature, Tk, critical temperature; Vk, critical volume; P, atmospheric pressure; Za, zi, ozone concentration in ambient air (a) and in the leaf intercellular air space (i); Q, ozone uptake rate; v, gas flow rate; S, leaf area; gz, total leaf conductance for ozone; rz, total leaf resistance to ozone; gge ggz, leaf gas phase diffusion conductance for water vapor (w) and for ozone (z).

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New Generalized Equation for Gas Diffusion Coefficient.

Cited by 173 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Decomposition studies of group 6 hexacarbonyl complexes. Part 1: Production and decomposition of Mo(CO)₆ and W(CO)₆

Ozone Concentration in Leaf Intercellular Air Spaces Is Close to Zero

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New Generalized Equation for Gas Diffusion Coefficient.

Cited by 173 publications

References 9 publications

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Hydrotropic Solubilization and Self-Aggregation of Nicotinamide

Decomposition studies of group 6 hexacarbonyl complexes. Part 1: Production and decomposition of Mo(CO)6 and W(CO)6

Ozone Concentration in Leaf Intercellular Air Spaces Is Close to Zero

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Product

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Decomposition studies of group 6 hexacarbonyl complexes. Part 1: Production and decomposition of Mo(CO)₆ and W(CO)₆