New genome type of adenovirus serotype 19 causing nosocomial infections of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Japan

Abstract

Twelve strains of adenovirus serotype 19, isolated from cases of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Japan in 1992, 1993, 1997, and 1998, were analyzed by DNA restriction analysis, using restriction endonucleases BamHI, BglI, BglII, EcoRI, HindIII, KpnI, PstI, SacI, SalI, SmaI, and XhoI. Among these 11 restriction endonucleases, EcoRI, PstI, SacI, and SmaI were discriminative enzymes, showing restriction patterns different from those reported previously for the prototype and the variant 19a. This new genome type was isolated in 1997 and 1998, when an increase of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis cases caused by adenovirus serotype 19 was observed for both sporadic and nosocomial infections. Strains from 1992 and 1993 showed restriction patterns similar to those of the worldwide reported variant 19a for all enzymes used. The changes detected in strains from 1997 and 1998 could be the reason for the recent epidemic.

Analysis of Human Adenovirus Type 19 Associated with Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis and its Reclassification as Adenovirus Type 64

“…8,24,33,[49][50][51] Our data reported demonstrated conclusively that clinical EKC isolates with an HAdV-D19 hexon gene are distinct from HAdV-D19p. Furthermore, we showed that a lack of corneal tropism for the prototype HAdV-D19 likely is due to its inability to infect human corneal epithelium, a requisite first step in adenovirus keratitis.…”

Novel Human Adenovirus Causing Nosocomial Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis

“…The pathogenesis of these isolates was not clear. EKC typically is caused by one of three HAdV-D serotypes, HAdV-8, HAdV-19, or HAdV-37, and these strains frequently cause nosocomial outbreaks (29,(34)(35)(36). These viruses originally were isolated from patients with EKC in 1951EKC in , 1955EKC in , and 1976.…”

Anti-adenoviral effect of anti-HIV agents in vitro in serotypes inducing keratoconjunctivitis

“…Four types, AdV3, AdV4, AdV8 and AdV37, were prototype strains, and were provided by the ATCC. AdV type 19a (AdV19a) was a clinical strain [34]. AdV19a is frequently associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis, whereas prototype of AdV19 (AdV19p) is not responsible for outbreaks of keratoconjunctivitis [37].…”