New geochronological and geochemical constraints on petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the Loe-Shilman carbonatite complex, Northwest Pakistan

Khan, Asad; Faisal, Shah; Larson, Kyle P.; Robinson, Delores M.; Ullah, Zaheen; Li, Huan; Rehman, Hafiz Ur

doi:10.1016/j.lithos.2021.106497

Cited by 6 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 65 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most of the points sampled as CRMD during the field visit fit with the common pixels for CRMD given by all of the applied methods (class 3), with few points that were only mapped by two or one methods (class 1 and class 2; Figure 8), which is likely due to different sensitivity of the applied methods. The obtained results were validated through field surveys, chemical and petrographic analyses, which show good agreement with previous geological maps of the study area (e.g., Jan et al, 1981;Khan, Faisal, Larson, et al, 2021;. The field data were used to validate several zones mapped as possible CRMD by the different methods and validate the performed classification.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

“…The supergene lateritic layer is dark brown and is consist of hematite, goethite, magnetite, limonite, zircon, pyrochlore, monazite, apatite and rutile with relicts of carbonatites. Chemically, the carbonatites are high in CaO (29.11–50.39 wt%), Fe 2 O 3 (2.61–12.60 wt%), MgO (0.81–17.10 wt%) and P 2 O 5 (1.29–6.48 wt%), and low in SiO 2 (2.49–7.51 wt%), Al 2 O 3 (0.17–0.98 wt%), TiO 2 (0.02–0.73 wt%), MnO (0.24–1.95 wt%) and alkalis (Na 2 O + K 2 O < 2 wt%) (Khan, Faisal, Larson, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A multispectral ASTER level 1T scene (AST_L1T) covering the Loe-Shilman area is used (Table 1), which are acquired from the Land Processing Distribution and (2001), are overlaid on ASTER digital elevation model of the area) and (b) various lithologies of the Loe-Shilman carbonatite complex and surrounding host rocks (modified after Jan et al, 1981;Mian & Le Bas, 1988;Khan, Faisal, Larson, et al, 2021;.…”

Section: Acquisition and Correction Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The northwestern Himalayan region of Pakistan host several alkaline‐carbonatite complexes with potential resources of critical metals. These complexes are mainly occurring around the northern margin of Peshawar plain and south of the Himalayan Main Mantle Thrust (Figure 1a), which include: (1) Loe‐Shilman complex in the vicinity of Pakistan‐Afghanistan border (e.g., Jan et al, 1981; Khan, Faisal, Larson, et al, 2021; Khan, Faisal, Ullah, et al, 2021), (2) Sillai Pattai, (3) Koga, and (4) Jambil carbonatites further eastward (e.g., Hong et al, 2021; Khan et al, 2023). Preliminary investigation in the Loe‐Shilman carbonatite complex has revealed promising niobium and rare earth elements mineralization (e.g., Khan, Faisal, Ullah, et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

An integrated approach for rapid exploration of carbonatites and related mineral resources

Khan,

Ali,

Khan

et al. 2023

Resource Geology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Carbonatites are proven significant repositories of several critical and strategic elements such as rare earth elements, niobium, thorium, and uranium. Owing to their economic significance, mapping of carbonatites and associated mineral deposits has occupied prominent place in mineral resource exploration programs. In this study an integrated approach was developed to map carbonatite and related mineral deposits in the Loe‐Shilman, Northwest Himalaya of Pakistan, using remotely sensed advance space‐borne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) multispectral data and visible near infrared and short‐wave infrared (VNIR‐SWIR) spectral characteristics of minerals in these deposits. Several image enhancement techniques, including band ratio (i.e., B4/B3), principal component and minimum noise fraction transformation (PC6 and MNF5, respectively) helped in highlighting the targeted rocks. The results demonstrate the suitability of ASTER data for discriminating carbonatite related mineral deposits from other surrounding lithologies. Results obtained from these methods were validated through field observations in the area and further confirmed through petrographic and chemical analyses of collected specimens. Field data have also served as training data to perform a supervised classification, allowing further improvement of the mapping results. Moreover, the obtained results from the techniques used for exploring carbonatites and related mineral deposits were stacked together for comparison with each other, to check their sensitivities, and assess their efficiency and accuracy. Generally, all these methods successfully highlighted carbonatites and related mineral deposits; however, when used integratively they exhibit higher degree of accuracy, and has proven to be relatively rapid and cost‐effective.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 71%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Acquisition and Correction Of Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

An integrated approach for rapid exploration of carbonatites and related mineral resources

Khan,

Ali,

Khan

et al. 2023

Resource Geology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Earth's core is considered the most gold-rich part of the planet (Rock and Groves, 1988). Because mafic magmas originating from rising mantle plumes, rifts and deep-seated faults, and other extensional environments (Bierlein et al, 2001;Kamenov et al, 2007;Pirajno et al, 2008;Berge, 2011Berge, , 2013Tan et al, 2012;Ulah et al, 2020a,b;Khan et al, 2021) have high sulfur contents, they may also transport gold from deep sources to the surface (Keays and Reid, 1987;Rock and Groves, 1988). Thus, the amphibolites of the Guishan Formation, which originated mainly from basalts, is thought to be a possible source of gold.…”

Section: Implications For the Laowan Gold Depositmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China

Chen

et al. 2022

Episodes

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mesozoic lode-gold deposits in the Qinling orogen are important gold reservoirs in China. The Laowan gold deposit is one of the largest one in this region. The ore bodies are fault-controlled, sulfide-rich lodes and disseminations that hosted in amphibolite and mica schist of the Guishan Formation intruded by a Cretaceous pluton at ca. 120 Ma. Long-standing controversies are whether the Guishan Formation provided ore-forming materials or just create a favorable setting for gold deposition. Here, we discussed the mineralogy and geochemistry of this rock formation to pinpoint its contributions to gold mineralization. Studies on metamorphic petrographic and whole-rock geochemical characteristics of the Guishan Formation were carried out to reveal the classification and the tectonic environment of metamorphic protolith. In-situ race element and sulfur-lead isotopic geochemical characteristics of pyrites from the ore samples are compared with those of the Guishan Formation to explore their relationships. Results shows that the amphibolite has tholeiite-like major and trace element compositions with a continental affinity, and the mica schist has geochemical characteristics similar to sedimentary rocks deposited in active continental forearc margin. Significantly enrichment of Au (avg.13 and 22 ppb), Ag (0.14 and 0.17), As (7.81 and 9.26), and Sb (0.47 and 0.39) contents (in ppm) in amphibolites and mica schists of the Guishan Formation suggests they might be a potential ore-forming material source of the gold deposit. The high Ni content (avg. 103 and 38.6 ppm), low Co/Ni ratios (0.41 and 0.5) and δ 34 S values (0.73-2.05‰ and 1.83-2.98‰) in pyrites from the pre-ore and early main-ore stages resemble those from the Guishan Formation (Ni=283 ppm, Co/Ni=0.4, δ 34 S=-0.1-+2.67‰). The similar Pb isotopic composition between the Guishan Formation and pyrite from the early stage of the gold mineralization also suggests a genetic relationship between the two. With the late mineralization stage, magmatic hydrothermal fluids dominated the gold mineralization.

show abstract

Provenance, diagenesis, and depositional environment of Miocene Kamlial Formation, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Sub Himalayas, Pakistan: Evidences from field observations and petrography

Khan,

Islam

et al. 2024

Heliyon

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

New geochronological and geochemical constraints on petrogenesis and tectonic setting of the Loe-Shilman carbonatite complex, Northwest Pakistan

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

An integrated approach for rapid exploration of carbonatites and related mineral resources

An integrated approach for rapid exploration of carbonatites and related mineral resources

Origin and mineralization significance of the ore-hosting Guishan Formation at the Laowan Gold Deposit in Qinling-Dabie Orogen, Central China

Provenance, diagenesis, and depositional environment of Miocene Kamlial Formation, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Sub Himalayas, Pakistan: Evidences from field observations and petrography

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About