New glass systems and the development of glasses based on them

Matveev, G. M.; Зайнуллин, Г. Г.

doi:10.1007/bf00701778

Cited by 1 publication

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“…288 Starting from 1980, a string of early Soviet patents, [289][290][291][292][293] from what is now the Belarusian State Technological University, disclose a family of low melting or intermediate glass frits based on the ZnO-Bi 2 O 3 -B 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system, with optional Li 2 O, Na 2 O, MgO, BaO, CuO and CdO, Al 2 O 3 additions, and claiming a better chemical resistance and a lower CTE than analogous lead borosilicate frits. These glasses (Table 7: B80/B82/B83/B89), featuring moderate to high Bi content, processing temperatures down to y500uC, and designed specifically for application in electronics, overglazing and sealing, [289][290][291][292][293][294] can truly be considered as the base for the 'modern' Bi based frits. More recent patents disclose usually similar compositions for glazes and enamels, [295][296][297][298][299][300][301][302] TF conductors, 250,[303][304][305] resistors 251 and overglazes, 306,307 plasma display panel (PDP) dielectrics, 308 conductors 305,309,310 and low melting sealing glasses.…”

Section: Bismuth Glasses Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Bi₂O₃ based glasses for electronics and related applications

Maeder

2013

International Materials Reviews

155

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The present work critically reviews the scientific and patent literature on low melting bismuth based oxide glass frits in materials for electronics, sensors and related applications such as sealing glasses, solar cells, architectural and automotive glass, the main motivation being to replace lead based materials by environmentally more benign ones. Due to similar glass forming properties of Bi and Pb, Bi based glasses are the closest 'drop-in' alternative for lead bearing formulations, and are therefore actually replacing them in many applications, helped also by previous experience with Bi containing materials in thick film technology and component metallisations. The outstanding issues are discussed, e.g. matching the lowest processing temperatures achieved by the classical lead based glasses without sacrificing durability and stability, as well as stability versus chemical reduction. Finally, consideration is also given to special 'heavy' glasses (often containing Bi and Pb together) that are useful in fields such as optics, superconductors and nuclear technology, as well as to specific Bi 2 O 3 containing crystalline compounds.Keywords: Glasses, Bismuth, Bi 2 O 3 , Electronics, Optics, Thick film technology, Sensors Introduction Low melting glasses in electronics and other applicationsAs for ceramics, inorganic glasses, glass-ceramic and glaze materials have long gone beyond their traditional uses to address a wide array of modern technological challenges, Owing to performance and cost criteria, most standard glasses have relatively high softening points. However, there are many technological applications where a low softening temperature is required, in order to lower energy expenditure, avoid damaging devices in contact with the glass during processing or ensure compatibility with other materials:(i) hermetic sealing of packages, lamps, electrical feedthroughs and semiconductor devices 13,14,16,17,19,44,45 (ii) hermetic sealing and mechanical attachment of sensors 23,27 ( Fig. 1) (iii) encapsulation of semiconductor devices 29,30 (iv) overglazing of automotive, packaging and architectural glass 33,34,[46][47][48] (v) photovoltaic (PV) solar cell technology -conductors and contacts 42,43,[49][50][51][52][53] (vi) enamelling of aluminium in architecture and home appliances 35,[54][55][56][57][58] (vii) thick film (TF) electronics and other devices 21,22,24,25,27,59 (Fig. 1, the section on 'PbO in low melting frits and TF technology'); especially, special low firing compositions for fabrication of circuits and sensors on glass or metals. 1,28,[66][67][68][69][70][71][72] For these applications, glasses are often formulated as frits (e.g. finely divided powder), which may be applied, dispersed in a suitable medium, onto a substrate by various methods such as slip casting, screen printing, roller/curtain coating, spraying, dispensing and electrophoresis, or as preforms for sealing. Classically, the aforementioned applications have to a great extent used lead based glasses, which have a rather unique combinat...

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Section: Bismuth Glasses Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%