New graphical and text-based notations for representing task decomposition hierarchies: towards improving the usability of an Ergonomics method

Huddlestone, John; Stanton, Neville A.

doi:10.1080/1463922x.2016.1201168

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This would mean that OESDs need more than one "swim-lane" for the representation of driver behavior. Huddlestone and Stanton (2016) borrowed notation from computer science to represent continuous activity. So, potentially at least, there are methods for extending OESDs to cope with both continuous and multiple driver activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating Operator Event Sequence Diagrams: The case of an automated vehicle to human driver handovers

Stanton

Brown

Revell

et al. 2021

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

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Predicting what drivers will do as vehicle control is handed over to them from automation is a relatively new challenge for the motor vehicle industry. Operator Event Sequence Diagrams (OESDs) offer a way of modeling the interactions between the driver and vehicle automation in the handover of control. In this paper, two studies are presented in which a range of handover strategies are tested. The anticipated driver strategies were modeled using OESDs to serve as predictions of driver behavior. Drivers were then observed in two separate studies: (1) using a Lower-Fidelity (vehicle seat and controls) simulator and (2) using a Higher-Fidelity (whole vehicle) simulator. Driver behavior during a takeover task was categorized according to the signal detection paradigm into hits, misses, false alarms, and correct rejections. The results showed that for all strategies in both sets of studies, the median criterion for validity was exceeded (φ > 0.8), suggesting that OESDs made good predictions of driver behavior during the handover of the vehicle from automation to manual control.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validating Operator Event Sequence Diagrams: The case of an automated vehicle to human driver handovers

Stanton

Brown

Revell

et al. 2021

Hum Ftrs & Erg Mfg Svc

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Human Factors practitioners first compiled the HTA and subsequently validated it with the SME to ensure accuracy. HTA methodology outlined in Huddlestone and Stanton (2016) was followed. The HTA identified all of the tasks conducted during the scenario and the plans that facilitate subsequent tasks.…”

Section: Hierarchical Task Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The tasks that are connected to each other horizontally occur sequentially. For tasks that require a plan to determine the sequencing of tasks, the plan is noted in an oval and then linked to the relevant tasks (Huddlestone & Stanton, 2016). Checklists from publically available Quick Reference Handbooks (QRH) containing all of the procedures to be used in abnormal and emergency conditions were also used to populate plans to ensure accuracy.…”

Section: Hierarchical Task Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Predicting and mitigating failures on the flight deck: an aircraft engine bird strike scenario

et al. 2022

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Commercial aircraft engine damage as a consequence of foreign object debris (FOD) during flight is frequently caused by birds. One approach to minimising the disruption caused by this type of engine damage is to provide commercial flight crew with accurate information relating to the continuing operational status of the aircraft's engines. Before designing avionic systems to achieve this however, understanding of current procedures is needed.Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) and Systematic Human Error Reduction and Prediction Approach (SHERPA) were used to identify potential failures that commercial flight crew may make when managing an engine bird strike. Workshops with commercial pilots generated insights into current practice and a commercial pilot SME reviewed outputs for accuracy. Over 200 potential failures were identified, most commonly related to communication. Remedial measures, considering future avionic systems, have been proposed to mitigate identified failures. This analysis provides a starting point for future design concepts for assisting commercial flight crew in dealing with engine malfunction due to FOD strikes.

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“…The outputs of HTA are a hierarchy of tasks and sub-tasks, together with plans describing in what order and under what conditions sub-tasks are performed. For examples and further details please see Dix et al (2004) and, for a review on different ways of presenting an HTA and a proposal on an updated notation, see Huddlestone and Stanton (2016).…”

Section: Hierarchical Task Analysis (Hta)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and Validation of a Descriptive Cognitive Model for Predicting Usability Issues in a Low-Code Development Platform

et al. 2020

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Objective The aim of the study was the development and evaluation of a Descriptive Cognitive Model (DCM) for the identification of three types of usability issues in a low-code development platform (LCDP). Background LCDPs raise the level of abstraction of software development by freeing end-users from implementation details. An effective LCDP requires an understanding of how its users conceptualize programming. It is necessary to identify the gap between the LCDP end-users’ conceptualization of programming and the actions required by the platform. It is also relevant to evaluate how the conceptualization of the programming tasks varies according to the end-users’ skills. Method DCMs are widely used in the description and analysis of the interaction between users and systems. We propose a DCM which we called PRECOG that combines task decomposition methods with knowledge-based descriptions and criticality analysis. This DCM was validated using empirical techniques to provide the best insight regarding the users’ interaction performance. Twenty programmers (10 experts, 10 novices) were observed using an LCDP and their interactions were analyzed according to our DCM. Results The DCM correctly identified several problems felt by first-time platform users. The patterns of issues observed were qualitatively different between groups. Experts mainly faced interaction-related problems, while novices faced problems attributable to a lack of programming skills. Conclusion By applying the proposed DCM we were able to predict three types of interaction problems felt by first-time users of the LCDP. Application The method is applicable when it is relevant to identify possible interaction problems, resulting from the users’ background knowledge being insufficient to guarantee a successful completion of the task at hand.

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New graphical and text-based notations for representing task decomposition hierarchies: towards improving the usability of an Ergonomics method

Cited by 7 publications

References 13 publications

Validating Operator Event Sequence Diagrams: The case of an automated vehicle to human driver handovers

Validating Operator Event Sequence Diagrams: The case of an automated vehicle to human driver handovers

Predicting and mitigating failures on the flight deck: an aircraft engine bird strike scenario

Development and Validation of a Descriptive Cognitive Model for Predicting Usability Issues in a Low-Code Development Platform

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