New hosts of “Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense” in New Zealand

Liefting, L. W.; Veerakone, S.; Clover, G. R. G.

doi:10.1007/s13313-011-0036-z

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Lee et al (2000) reported phytoplasma of 16SrI-B subgroup infecting celery crops in North America and Europe. Later, other groups of phytoplasmas were reported on celery from other parts of the world, like tomato big bud phytoplasma (16SrII-E) from Australia (Tran-Nguyen et al 2003) and stolbur phytoplasma (16SrXII-A) from Italy, Serbia and Romania (Carraro et al 2008;Ivanović et al 2011;Chireceanu et al 2016), 16SrVII and IX-A groups from New Zealand (Liefting et al 2011) and 16SrI-C from the Czech Republic (Fránová and Š pak 2013). No report of 16SrVI group of phytoplasmas incidence has been recorded earlier on celery from India and abroad, and hence, is the new report.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of ‘Clover proliferation’ phytoplasma subgroup-D (16SrVI-D) associated with vegetables crops in India

Gopala

Khasa

Rao

et al. 2018

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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Nine vegetable plants species exhibiting phytoplasma suspected symptoms of white/purple leaf, little leaf, flat stem, witches' broom, phyllody and leaf yellowing were observed in experimental fields at Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi from December 2015 to July 2016. Total DNA extracted from the three healthy and three symptomatic leaves of all the nine vegetables were subjected to PCR assays using phytoplasma specific primers P1/P7 followed by R16F2n/R16R2 and 3Far/3Rev to amplify the 16S rDNA fragments. No amplifications of DNA were observed in first round PCR assays with primer pair P1/P7 from any of the symptomatic samples. However, phytoplasma DNA specific fragments of ~ 1.3 kb were amplified from L. (two isolates), vr L. (one isolate) and L. (one isolate) by using 3Far/3Rev primer pair and 1.2 kb fragment was amplified from L. (one isolate) by using R16F2n/R16R2 primer pair. No DNA amplification was seen in other symptomatic vegetable samples of tomato, carrot, cucurbit, bitter gourd and species utilizing either P1/P7 primer pair followed by 3Far/3Rev or R16F2n/R16R2 primer pairs. Out of three leafhopper species collected from the symptomatic vegetable fields, only was found positive for association of phytoplasma. No DNA amplifications were observed in healthy plant samples and insects collected from non-symptomatic fields. Comparative sequence comparison analyses of 16S rDNA of positive found vegetable phytoplasma strains revealed 100% sequence identities among each other and with phytoplasma strains of 'clover proliferation' (16SrVI) group. Phytoplasma sequences, virtual RFLPs and phylogenetic analyses of 16S rDNA sequence comparison confirmed the identification of 16SrVI subgroup D strain of phytoplasmas in four vegetables and one leafhopper (HP) species. Further virtual RFLP analysis of 16S rDNA sequence of the vegetables phytoplasma strains confirmed their taxonomic classification with strains of 'clover proliferation' subgroup D. Since, feeding on symptomatic vegetable species in the study was also tested positive for the 16SrVI phytoplasma subgroup-D as of vegetables; it may act as potent natural reservoir of 16SrVI-D subgroup of phytoplasmas infecting vegetable and other important agricultural crops.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular characterization of ‘Clover proliferation’ phytoplasma subgroup-D (16SrVI-D) associated with vegetables crops in India

Gopala

Khasa

Rao

et al. 2018

Physiol Mol Biol Plants

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“…We summarize the symptoms and transmission vectors of important hosts and show that phytoplasmas have a broad range of hosts and that most phytoplasmas can infect both plants and vector insects (Table 1). Some of these phytoplasmas are transmitted through clonal breeding material, such as strawberry lethal etiolated phytoplasma (SLY), for which no mediator insects have been reported (Andersen et al., 1998; Liefting et al., 2007; Zhao et al., 2004). Multiple phytoplasmas can infect one plant; for example, ‘ Ca .…”

Section: Host Range and Distribution Of Phytoplasmasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplasma: A plant pathogen that cannot be ignored in agricultural production—Research progress and outlook

Wang,

Bai,

et al. 2024

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Phytoplasmas are phloem‐restricted plant‐pathogenic bacteria transmitted by insects. They cause diseases in a wide range of host plants, resulting in significant economic and ecological losses worldwide. Research on phytoplasmas has a long history, with significant progress being made in the past 30 years. Notably, with the rapid development of phytoplasma research, scientists have identified the primary agents involved in phytoplasma transmission, established classification and detection systems for phytoplasmas, and 243 genomes have been sequenced and assembled completely or to draft quality. Multiple possible phytoplasma effectors have been investigated, elucidating the molecular mechanisms by which phytoplasmas manipulate their hosts. This review summarizes recent advances in phytoplasma research, including identification techniques, host range studies, whole‐ or draft‐genome sequencing, effector pathogenesis and disease control methods. Additionally, future research directions in the field of phytoplasma research are discussed.

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“…Coprosma spp. : abnormal interveinal chlorosis and yellowing of leaves, abnormal leaf reddening, slowing of growth, and shoot dieback (Liefting et al., );…”

Section: Appendix a – Symptoms On Plants Other Than Cydonia Mill Frag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phormium spp. : intense yellowing of older leaves and vascular damage in the rhizome, followed by plant collapse and death (Liefting et al., );…”

Section: Appendix a – Symptoms On Plants Other Than Cydonia Mill Frag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L.

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Gonthier³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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Following a request from the European Commission, the EFSA Panel on Plant Health performed a pest categorisation of nine phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L. (hereafter "host plants") known to occur only outside the EU or having a limited presence in the EU. This opinion covers the (i) reference strains of 'Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense', 'Ca. P. fraxini', 'Ca. P. hispanicum', 'Ca. P. trifolii', 'Ca. P. ziziphi', (ii) related strains infecting the host plants of 'Ca. P. aurantifolia', 'Ca. P. pruni', and 'Ca. P. pyri', and (iii) an unclassified phytoplasma causing Buckland valley grapevine yellows. Phytoplasmas can be detected by available methods and are efficiently transmitted by vegetative propagation, with plants for planting acting as a major entry pathway and a long-distance spread mechanism. Phytoplasmas are also transmitted in a persistent and propagative manner by some insect families of the Fulgoromorpha, Cicadomorpha and Sternorrhyncha (order Hemiptera). No transovarial, pollen or seed transmission has been reported. The natural host range of the categorised phytoplasmas varies from one to more than 90 plant species, thus increasing the possible entry pathways. The host plants are widely cultivated in the EU. All the categorised phytoplasmas can enter and spread through the trade of host plants for planting, and by vectors. Establishment of these phytoplasmas is not expected to be limited by EU environmental conditions. The introduction of these phytoplasmas in the EU would have an economic impact. There are measures to reduce the risk of entry, establishment, spread and impact. Uncertainties result from limited information on distribution, biology and epidemiology. All the phytoplasmas categorised here meet the criteria evaluated by EFSA to qualify as potential Union quarantine pests, and they do not qualify as potential regulated non-quarantine pests, because they are non-EU phytoplasmas.

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New hosts of “Candidatus Phytoplasma australiense” in New Zealand

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Molecular characterization of ‘Clover proliferation’ phytoplasma subgroup-D (16SrVI-D) associated with vegetables crops in India

Molecular characterization of ‘Clover proliferation’ phytoplasma subgroup-D (16SrVI-D) associated with vegetables crops in India

Phytoplasma: A plant pathogen that cannot be ignored in agricultural production—Research progress and outlook

Pest categorisation of the non‐EU phytoplasmas of Cydonia Mill., Fragaria L., Malus Mill., Prunus L., Pyrus L., Ribes L., Rubus L. and Vitis L.

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