New Informed Non-Blind Medical Image Watermarking Based on Local Binary Pattern

Abstract

Medical image watermarking represents a promising alternative tool regarding many security aspects such: digital rights, authenticity and integrity and content protection issues. Achieving a successful watermarking should be achieved by choosing the most significant and important patterns describing the image. This strategy should also ensure a tradeoff between the robustness of the watermark against attacks and the computational time both for watermark embedding and extracting processes. In this paper, an informed medical image watermarking scheme is proposed based on local binary pattern LBP. Local Binary Pattern (LBP) is an effective texture descriptor for images by providing the texture regions of interests concerned by watermarking. A watermark is built based on the significant information extracted from the host image by through the LBP descriptor. LBP image will be addressed to be embedded using a linear interpolation. Scenarios of geometric and non-geometric attacks have been realized on the watermarked images to evaluate the robustness of the embedded watermark in the extraction process. Furthermore, the obtained experiment results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach regarding the watermark imperceptibility and robustness.

Hough Transform-Based Robust Informed Watermarking Approach for Medical Images

“…The imperceptibility is evaluated in terms of resemblance between the host image and the watermarked one. Instead of measuring distortion, the value of Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) [21] measures the fidelity between two images since it is proportional to quality. Likewise, PSNR is a function of Mean Square Error (MSE).…”

“…One of the metrics used to calculate the resemblance between two images is the linear correlation (CC) [21]. The correlation technique relies on two images, one reference, the other corresponding to the deformed one with the same dimensions.…”

“…The correlation coefficient (Table 4) between the original watermark w and the extracted one wa is defined in Eq. ( 5) as follow: The bit error ratio (BER) [21] is defined as the expected statistical value of the ratio between the number of erroneous bits of the attacked watermark wa data and the size of the original watermark data w itself. The BER is calculated in percentage, a lower percentage means that the original watermark and the extracted one are similar.…”