New Insight into the Measurements of Particle-Bound Metals in the Urban and Remote Atmospheres of the Sarajevo Canton and Modeled Impacts of Particulate Air Pollution in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Abstract

The Sa rajevo Canton Winter Fi eld Ca mpaign 2018 (SAFICA) was a project that took place in winter 2017–2018 with an aim to characterize the chemical composition of aerosol in the Sarajevo Canton, Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), which has one of the worst air qualities in Europe. This paper presents the first characterization of the metals in PM 10 (particulate matter aerodynamic diameters ≤10 μm) from continuous filter samples collected during an extended two-months winter period at the urban background Sarajevo and remote Ivan Sedlo sites. We report the results of 18 metals detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry (ETAAS). The average mass concentrations of metals were higher at the Sarajevo site than at Ivan Sedlo and ranged from 0.050 ng/m 3 (Co) to 188 ng/m 3 (Fe) and from 0.021 ng/m 3 (Co) to 61.8 ng/m 3 (Fe), respectively. The BenMAP-CE model was used for estimating the annual BiH health (50% decrease in PM 2.5 would save 4760+ lives) and economic benefits (costs of $2.29B) of improving the air quality. Additionally, the integrated energy and health assessment with the ExternE model provided an initial estimate of the additional health cost of BiH’s energy system.

Air Pollution and Primary DNA Damage among Zagreb (Croatia) Residents: A Cross-Sectional Study

“…These pollutants showed distinct seasonal variations, with significantly higher values during the cold part of the year, due to elevated emissions from heating. The mass concentrations of pollutants determined in this study (period 2011–2015) are consistent with research reporting the seasonal nature of air quality in Croatia [ 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ].…”

Associating Air Pollution with Cytokinesis-Block Micronucleus Assay Parameters in Lymphocytes of the General Population in Zagreb (Croatia)

“…In particular, toxic airborne pollutants, such as PM, have been studied extensively concerning their effects on human health. The epidemiological studies conducted to date have observed a consistent association between exposure to airborne PM and incidence and mortality for lung cancer, respiratory, cardiovascular, and other disease [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 ]. The mechanisms of action for air pollution are not yet elicited, but oxidative stress and inflammation are suspected factors [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ].…”