New Insights in Information Processing in the Axon

Debanne, Dominique; Boudkkazi, Sami

doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-1676-1_4

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 137 publications

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“…A number of researchers have recently put into question the notion that axons merely act as cables, reliably transmitting action potentials along their lengths (Debanne, 2004 ; Debanne and Boudkkazi, 2010 ), and have developed some techniques with which to read out signals from axons (Kress and Mennerick, 2009 ). Dentate gyrus granule cells are known for their large mossy fiber boutons, whose size is around 3–5 μm, enabling patch clamping of these structures (Bischofberger et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Axons, Isolated in Channels, Display Activity-Dependent Signal Modulation as a Result of Targeted Stimulation

et al. 2016

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Mammalian cortical axons are extremely thin processes that are difficult to study as a result of their small diameter: they are too narrow to patch while intact, and super-resolution microscopy is needed to resolve single axons. We present a method for studying axonal physiology by pairing a high-density microelectrode array with a microfluidic axonal isolation device, and use it to study activity-dependent modulation of axonal signal propagation evoked by stimulation near the soma. Up to three axonal branches from a single neuron, isolated in different channels, were recorded from simultaneously using 10–20 electrodes per channel. The axonal channels amplified spikes such that propagations of individual signals along tens of electrodes could easily be discerned with high signal to noise. Stimulation from 10 up to 160 Hz demonstrated similar qualitative results from all of the cells studied: extracellular action potential characteristics changed drastically in response to stimulation. Spike height decreased, spike width increased, and latency increased, as a result of reduced propagation velocity, as the number of stimulations and the stimulation frequencies increased. Quantitatively, the strength of these changes manifested itself differently in cells at different frequencies of stimulation. Some cells' signal fidelity fell to 80% already at 10 Hz, while others maintained 80% signal fidelity at 80 Hz. Differences in modulation by axonal branches of the same cell were also seen for different stimulation frequencies, starting at 10 Hz. Potassium ion concentration changes altered the behavior of the cells causing propagation failures at lower concentrations and improving signal fidelity at higher concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical Axons, Isolated in Channels, Display Activity-Dependent Signal Modulation as a Result of Targeted Stimulation

et al. 2016

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Stochastic dynamics of conduction failure of action potential along nerve fiber with Hopf bifurcation

Zhang

Guan

2019

Sci. China Technol. Sci.

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Influence of Hopf Bifurcation Dynamics on Conduction Failure of Action Potentials Along Nerve C-Fiber

Zhang

2019

Int. J. Bifurcation Chaos

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Contrary to faithful conduction of every action potential or spike along the axon, some spikes induced by the external stimulation with a high frequency at one end of the unmyelinated nerve fiber (C-fiber) disappear during the conduction process to the other end, which leads to conduction failure. Many physiological functions such as information coding or pathological pain are involved. In the present paper, the dynamic mechanism of the conduction failure is well interpreted by two characteristics of the focus near Hopf bifurcation of the Hodgkin–Huxley (HH) model. One is that the current threshold to evoke a spike from the after-potential corresponding to the focus exhibits damping oscillations, and the other is that the damping oscillations exhibit an internal period. A chain network model composed of HH neurons and stimulated by the external periodic stimulation is used to stimulate C-fiber. In the two-dimensional parameter space of the stimulation period and coupling strength, the conduction failure appears for the coupling strength lower than that of the faithful conduction, which is due to some maximal values of the coupling current for low coupling strength not being strong enough to evoke spikes, and the coupling strength threshold between the faithful conduction and conduction failure exhibiting damping oscillations with respect to the stimulation period, due to the damping oscillations of the current threshold. The damping oscillations of the coupling strength exhibit close correlations to those of the current threshold. The coupling strength for the conduction failure exhibits maximal values as the stimulation period is approximated to 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-times of the internal period and the maximal values decrease with increasing stimulation period. In addition, the correspondence between the simulation results and the previous experimental observations is discussed. The results present deep insights into the dynamics of the conduction failure with Hopf bifurcation and are helpful to investigate the influence of other modulation factors on the conduction failure.

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New Insights in Information Processing in the Axon

Cited by 4 publications

References 137 publications

Cortical Axons, Isolated in Channels, Display Activity-Dependent Signal Modulation as a Result of Targeted Stimulation

Cortical Axons, Isolated in Channels, Display Activity-Dependent Signal Modulation as a Result of Targeted Stimulation

Stochastic dynamics of conduction failure of action potential along nerve fiber with Hopf bifurcation

Influence of Hopf Bifurcation Dynamics on Conduction Failure of Action Potentials Along Nerve C-Fiber

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