New insights into cordycepin production in Cordyceps militaris and applications

Chamyuang, Sunita; Owatworakit, Amorn; Honda, Yoichi

doi:10.21037/atm.2019.04.12

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Other researchers have reported that the amount of cordycepin in fruiting bodies is in the range of 110–837 mg/100 g d.w. and in mycelial cultures about 175 mg/100 g d.w. [ 2 , 3 ]. Kang and Chamyuang et al investigated the possibility of obtaining strains that can produce high amounts of cordycepin, as well as optimizing the cultivation or extraction conditions [ 42 , 43 ]. Depending on the medium used, the authors obtained on average 108–417 mg/100 g d.w. of cordycepin in fruiting bodies.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

et al. 2022

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Cordyceps militaris has long been used in Eastern medicine for alleviating fatigue and as an immunostimulant. The present study aimed to determine the content of biologically active substances (bioelements and organic compounds), the total phenolic content, and the antioxidant activity of fruiting bodies (commercially available and self-cultivated), mycelia, and two food supplements. The results show that substrate composition and cultivation method had an influence on the properties of mushroom materials. An important aspect of the study is the estimation of the content of bioactive substances present after extraction into digestive juices in the artificial gastrointestinal tract model, which can allow for determining the amount of these substances that is potentially bioavailable for the human body. The best results for cordycepin (81.4 mg/100 g d.w.) and lovastatin (53.6 mg/100 g d.w.) were achieved for commercially available food supplements. Furthermore, after digestion in artificial intestinal juice, the highest amount of cordycepin was determined in the fruiting bodies from commercially obtained (25.9 mg/100 g d.w.) and self-cultivated mushroom (25.8 mg/100 g d.w.). In conclusion, the mycelium and fruiting bodies of C. militaris are ideal food supplements and pharmaceutical agents and can serve as a good source of prohealth substances potentially bioavailable for humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

et al. 2022

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“…Cordycepin, or 3 -deoxyadenosine, a functional compound found in some Cordyceps, is a precursor of polysaccharides, ergosterol, mannitol, and vitamins [3]. Cordycepin is produced by C. militaris, C. kyusyuensis, and Aspergillus nidulans [4]; it was first discovered in 1951 by Professor Cunningham of the University of Glasgow, United Kingdom, in C. militaris [5] and Aspergillus nidulans phylogenetically distant C. militaris [6]. The pharmacological functions of cordycepin are very diverse in vivo and in vitro; it shows anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-leukemia, anti-tumor, anti-diabetic, and anti-obesity effects and is known to modulate the human immune system [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Cordyceps militaris Extracts on Macrophage as Immune Conductors

et al. 2021

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Although Cordyceps militaris is documented several medicinal functions, there is not enough for demonstration of leukocytic differentiation. Cordycepin and adenosine were 11.75 µg and 1.25 µg in the extract, respectively. Unlike the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in macrophages that were approximately 4 time and 48 times higher than the control under lipopolysaccharides (LPS), macrophages under the extract (1 μg/mL) showed 13- and 10-fold lower TNF-α and IL-1β levels than the LPS-treated cells. This was corroborated by flow cytometry, where their levels were 20 times and 14 times lower, respectively. Under the extract, the LPS-treated macrophages enhanced M2 polarization and attenuated M1 polarization. In addition, the extract also dose-dependently activated macrophage phagocytosis. Under the extract conditioned medium, dendritic cells (DCs) were strongly differentiated toward CD11b+ and Xcr1+ cells because their densities were 13.6 times and 6.26 times higher than those in the LPS conditioned medium, respectively. Differentiation of Treg and natural killer T-like (NKTL) cells also were increased about 1.67 times and 6.73 times than those in the LPS conditioned medium, respectively. These results suggest that the C. militaris extract has strong effects on the modulation of macrophages and dendritic cells and T cells under inflammatory stress.

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“…Earlier studies reported positive health effects of these compounds to humans in the treatment of cancer, inflammatory diseases, and diabetes and for immunity improvement (Sun et al, 2018;Yin et al, 2017;Zhao et al, 2014;Yang et al, 2014). Among the bioactive metabolites, cordycepin -a nucleoside analog of adenosine -is a chemical marker used to distinguish genus Cordyceps from other fungi (Chamyuang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Thus, in order to improve the equality between the supply and demand chain, especially in Asian countries, artificial cultivation of Cordyceps militaris has been found to be a useful method (Yin et al, 2017). Unlike other species in genus Cordyceps, C. militaris can grow easily and form fruiting bodies on artificial media, and therefore, it is considered as the only species of this genus that could be cultivated for cordycepin production at the industrial scale (Zhang et al, 2019;Lin et al, 2017;Sun et al, 2018;Chamyuang et al, 2019). As described previously by Chiang et al (2017), the cultivation of C. militaris could be classified into three periods based on growth characteristics (mycelium colonization, primordia formation, and fruiting body development stage).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As described previously by Chiang et al (2017), the cultivation of C. militaris could be classified into three periods based on growth characteristics (mycelium colonization, primordia formation, and fruiting body development stage). To improve biological efficiency, several parameters such as light conditions, temperature, humidity, pH, nutrition source, and minerals should be optimized (Chamyuang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cultural characteristics and cordycepin production of some Cordyceps militaris strains under artificial cultivation conditions

Nguyen¹,

Le²,

Nguyen³

et al. 2020

bta

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Cordyceps militaris, a precious medical mushroom, has attracted wide attention in industrial fields. Currently, the degeneration phenomenon of C. militaris commercial strains is amongst the major challenges for cultivation at the industrial scale. The screening for superior strains with high yield and medicinal value is considered a realistic approach to overcome degeneration problems. In the present study, the mycelial growth, primordia formation, yield performance, and cordycepin content of five strains (DT1, DT2, DT3, DT4, and DT5) under artificial cultivation conditions were investigated. All strains showed mycelial growth on SDAY and liquid medium. The strains were successfully cultivated in brown rice medium and required 18 (strain DT3) to 25 days (strain DT5) to form primordia. Additionally, morphological characteristics of fruiting bodies varied among the strains. Strains DT4 and DT3 exhibited the highest fruiting body length with 74.23 ± 5.13 mm and 72.63 ± 2.62 mm, respectively whereas the highest diameter was recorded for strains DT1 (4.05 ± 0.18 mm) and DT2 (3.63 ± 0.12 mm). Of note, among the investigated strains, strain DT3 exhibited the highest biological efficiency (8.95 ± 0.07%) and cordycepin content (1.68 mg/g). Therefore, strain DT3 could be selected as a potential strain for commercial cultivation.

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New insights into cordycepin production in Cordyceps militaris and applications

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

Cordyceps militaris—Fruiting Bodies, Mycelium, and Supplements: Valuable Component of Daily Diet

Effects of Cordyceps militaris Extracts on Macrophage as Immune Conductors

Cultural characteristics and cordycepin production of some Cordyceps militaris strains under artificial cultivation conditions

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