New insights into microstructure of irradiated beryllium based on experiments and computer simulations

Klimenkov, M.; Vladimirov, P.; Jäntsch, U.; Kuksenko, V.; Rolli, R.; Möslang, A.; Zimber, N.

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64654-5

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Another interesting phenomenon is that small particles may grow at the expense of large particles under the influence of the matrix, which is often called inverse coarsening and has been reported by experimental and numerical investigations. − In this work, we also observed inverse coarsening behavior in the initial state of coarsening, and the simulation results are shown in Figure . The size, position, and misorientation of these particles are all given by a random number generator, the particles that grow up inversely are marked with A and B in the simulation box, both particles are smaller than the others around, and the initial misorientations for A and B are 5° and 12°, respectively.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Coarsening Process of Nanoparticles on Substrates by the Phase-Field Crystal Model

et al. 2022

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A deep understanding of the coarsening kinetics of nanoparticles on substrates is of great fundamental and critical importance for controlling the material properties. However, in situ observation of the coarsening process at the atomic scale is still very difficult, and the influence of the substrate on coarsening kinetics remains largely unknown. In this work, by using an atomic-scale phase-field crystal model, we investigated the coarsening kinetics of nanoparticles on fcc (111) surface substrates. The results showed that the number of steps and local curvature near the particle surface increase with the pinning potential of substrates, leading to an increase in the coarsening rate. By examining the particles' atomic configurations during coarsening, we find that the particles rotate with time and the speed of rotation is influenced by the particle radius and the initial misorientations. In addition, we observe inverse coarsening behavior in the initial state of coarsening. We find that the particles with smaller radii or lower misorientations rotate faster to the stable state and then grow continuously at the expense of the surrounding particles. Our simulations in this work provide dynamic imaging of the coarsening process of nanoparticles on the substrates and show that crystalline characteristics or atomic scale nature have significant influences on the coarsening kinetics.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 70%

Coarsening Process of Nanoparticles on Substrates by the Phase-Field Crystal Model

et al. 2022

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“…Neutron irradiation leads to the formation of vacancies (V) that strongly trap hydrogen with a binding energy of up to 1.3 eV 23 . Within helium bubbles the binding energy is even 1.8–2.0 eV 10 . The He-V binding energy itself can reach more than 3 eV 22 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogen and helium trapping in hcp beryllium

et al. 2023

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Even though hydrogen-metal surface interactions play an important role in energy technologies and metal corrosion, a thorough understanding of these interactions at the nanoscale remains elusive due to obstructive detection limits in instrumentation and the volatility of pure hydrogen. In the present paper we use analytical spectroscopy in TEM to show that hydrogen adsorbs directly at the (0001) surfaces of hexagonal helium bubbles within neutron irradiated beryllium. In addition to hydrogen, we also found Al, Si and Mg at the beryllium-bubble interfaces. The strong attraction of these elements to (0001) surfaces is underlined with ab-initio calculations. In situ TEM heating experiments reveal that hydrogen can desorb from the bubble walls at T ≥ 400 °C if the helium content is reduced by opening the bubbles. Based on our results we suggest the formation of a complex hydride consisting of up to five elements with a remarkably high decomposition temperature. These results therefore promise novel insights into metal-hydrogen interaction behavior and are invaluable for the safety of future fusion power plants.

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“…A detailed TEM characterization of all three defect types is presented in the next subsections. From the previous studies of neutron irradiated W and beryllium it is well known 6,27 that the accumulation of irradiation defects near GB and in the grain interior differs, i.e. so-called denuded zone is formed close to the GB, which is depleted by or even completely free of any void.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into microstructure of neutron-irradiated tungsten

Dürrschnabel

Klimenkov

Jäntsch

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The development of appropriate materials for fusion reactors that can sustain high neutron fluence at elevated temperatures remains a great challenge. Tungsten is one of the promising candidate materials for plasma-facing components of future fusion reactors, due to several favorable properties as for example a high melting point, a high sputtering resistivity, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The microstructural details of a tungsten sample with a 1.25 dpa (displacements per atom) damage dose after neutron irradiation at 800 °C were examined by transmission electron microscopy. Three types of radiation-induced defects were observed, analyzed and characterized: (1) voids with sizes ranging from 10 to 65 nm, (2) dislocation loops with a size of up to 10 nm and (3) W–Re–Os containing σ- and χ-type precipitates. The distribution of voids as well as the nature of the occurring dislocation loops were studied in detail. In addition, nano-chemical analyses revealed that the σ- and χ-type precipitates, which are sometimes attached to voids, are surrounded by a solid solution cloud enriched with Re. For the first time the crystallographic orientation relationship of the σ- and χ-phases to the W-matrix was specified. Furthermore, electron energy-loss spectroscopy could not unambiguously verify the presence of He within individual voids.

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New insights into microstructure of irradiated beryllium based on experiments and computer simulations

Cited by 17 publications

References 50 publications

Coarsening Process of Nanoparticles on Substrates by the Phase-Field Crystal Model

Coarsening Process of Nanoparticles on Substrates by the Phase-Field Crystal Model

Hydrogen and helium trapping in hcp beryllium

New insights into microstructure of neutron-irradiated tungsten

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