New insights into peroxydisulfate activation by nanostructured and bulky carbons

Degradation of phenol by perborate in the presence of iron-bearing and carbonaceous materials

“…5 Moreover, ironbearing materials (e.g., zero-valent iron and iron sulde) and carbonaceous materials (e.g., activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, and graphene) can also activate persulfate to generate sulfate or hydroxyl radicals to enhance the oxidation of contaminants by persulfate. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Because of the graphitic structure and surface functional groups of carbonaceous materials, the oxidation of contaminants is promoted. Various types of carbon nanomaterials such as multi-walled carbon nanotubes, N-doped carbon nanotubes, N-graphene, N-graphene oxide, g-C 3 N 4 , and O-doped g-C 3 N 4 have also been intensively examined as catalysts.…”

“…12 Various types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been iden-tied, and oxidation pathways have been suggested for carbonaceous material-oxidant systems. 7,11 Other types of oxidants have also been suggested as alternatives (e.g., perborate for chemical oxidation and AOPs). A few attempts have been made to use perborate for oxidation of reagents in chemical engineering.…”

“…12 Various types of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been identified, and oxidation pathways have been suggested for carbonaceous material–oxidant systems. 7,11…”

Degradation of phenol and sulfamethoxazole with persulfate and ozone with nano‐MnO2–biochar composites

“…[7][8][9][10] The use of carbonaceous materials as catalysts for chemical oxidation processes has been intensively studied in the last decade. 7,11,12 Regarding biochar, high conductivity, very large surface area, active functional groups and porous structure obtained via pyrolysis enable biochar to play the role of catalyst or supporting material for the degradation of organic contaminants. 13 Previous studies have reported that the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by surface functional groups (permanent surface radicals) of biochar and carbonaceous materials promotes the oxidative degradation of pollutants.…”

“…13 Previous studies have reported that the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by surface functional groups (permanent surface radicals) of biochar and carbonaceous materials promotes the oxidative degradation of pollutants. [12][13][14] Hydroxyl radicals (OH ) or single oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) are reported to be involved in the oxidation of contaminants by hydrogen peroxide, persulfate or ozone in the presence of carbonaceous materials. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23] Even in the case of pure carbon materials without surface functional groups, the role of carbon materials as a catalysts for oxidation reactions has been reported, suggesting that the graphitic structure also plays a role in the formation of ROS.…”