New Insights Into Potassic Intraplate Volcanism in Northeast China From Joint Tomography of Ambient Noise and Teleseismic Surface Waves

Abstract

While most volcanoes on Earth occur at plate boundaries, some volcanoes are located far from plate boundaries and are called intraplate volcanoes. Beyond the volcanism of upwelling hot mantle plumes, some mechanisms, including edge-driven convection (Ballmer et al., 2015;King & Ritsema, 2000), shear-driven upwelling of the asthenosphere (Conder et al., 2002;Conrad et al., 2010), and dehydration and big mantle wedge convection associated with the deep subduction and stagnation of slabs (Yang & Faccenda, 2020;Zhao et al., 2004), are invoked to explain intraplate volcanism. However, for most intraplate volcanoes, the exact mechanisms are still elusive due to insufficient constraints on structures related to deep magma chambers and channels.Northeast China is an ideal place for studying intraplate volcanism. There are more than 590 Cenozoic intraplate volcanoes that are mostly covered by alkaline basalts and are widely distributed as part of the circum-Pacific volcanic belt to the west of the Japan Sea back arc basin (Liu et al., 2001), including Changbaishan volcano, Wudalianchi volcano, etc (Figure 1). Among them, Wudalianchi volcano, located ∼1,800 km

Shear‐Wave Velocity Structure Beneath Northeast China From Joint Inversion of Receiver Functions and Rayleigh Wave Phase Velocities: Implications for Intraplate Volcanism

“…Chen et al. (2021) inferred a ∼100 km thick lithosphere and potential low‐velocity conduit within the lithospheric mantle levels beneath the Wudalianchi volcanic groups, which are consistent with our observations. Fu et al.…”

“…The 3D seismic velocity model derived in this study is consistent with previous surface‐wave tomographic studies (e.g., Chen et al., 2021; Fan & Chen, 2019; Fu et al., 2016; Guo et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2017; Yang et al., 2019). For example, Fan and Chen (2019) reported a velocity reduction within the lower crust under the CBM.…”

“…(2014) imaged a debated feature: a cylindrical low‐velocity anomaly rising through the mantle transition zone under the CBM region. Surface‐wave tomography (e.g., Chen et al., 2021; Fan & Chen, 2019; Fan et al., 2021, 2020; Fu et al., 2016; Guo et al., 2016; Li et al., 2012; Liu et al., 2017; Pan et al., 2014, 2015; Yang et al., 2019) found a low‐velocity feature at lower‐crustal depths under the CBM, upper‐mantle low S velocities beneath the CBM, LXM, and Sanjiang basin, and potential low‐velocity conduits from the uppermost mantle to the crust beneath the Halaha and Abaga volcanic groups. Receiver function studies (e.g., He et al., 2013; Liu & Niu, 2011; Tao et al., 2014; Zhang et al., 2014, 2020) constrained crustal thicknesses and bulk Vp/Vs ratios across Northeast China, with crustal thicknesses ranging between ∼26 and ∼42 km while bulk Vp/Vs ratios varied between 1.60 and 1.88 (He et al., 2013; Tao et al., 2014).…”

Geochronology and Petrogenesis of Early Pleistocene Dikes in the Changbai Mountain Volcanic Field (NE China) Based on Geochemistry and Sr-Nd-Pb-Hf Isotopic Compositions

“…No significant differences in mineral assemblage, texture, and crystal content have been recognized between the two dikes. The Japan trench is reported as red solid line with triangles and the depth of the Pacific slab is reported as dashed lines; the number indicates the depth in km (modified from Zhang et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2021;Fan et al, 2021;Sun et al, 2021)…”

“…FIGURE 1 | (A)Schematic map showing location of the Changbaishan and other major volcanoes in NE China. The Japan trench is reported as red solid line with triangles and the depth of the Pacific slab is reported as dashed lines; the number indicates the depth in km (modified fromZhang et al, 2018;Chen et al, 2021;Fan et al, 2021;Sun et al, 2021). (B) Geological map of the Changbai Mountains volcanic field showing distribution of polygenetic (Changbaishan (Tianchi), Wangtian'e, and Namphothe and monogenetic (gray dots) volcanoes.…”