New insights into potential nutritional effects of dietary saponins in protecting against the development of obesity

Jeepipalli, Syam Praveen Kumar; Du, Bin; Sabitaliyevich, Uteuliyev Yerzhan; Xu, Baojun

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126474

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…Although paths for those roles are not well-understood and despite differences in chemical structures, different activities exist for TPS, including adjuvant (136), antibacterial (137,138), antidiabetic (139), antifungal (140-142), anti-inflammatory (123,125), antioxidative (109,143), antiprotozoal (144)(145)(146), antiproliferative (147), antiviral (148,149), cardiotonic and cardioprotective (122), and cytotoxic (127,128,150) effects have been reported. Additionally, TPS have also exhibited other functional properties, such as food-additive in flavorings (26), gastroprotective (151,152), hemolytic (153), hepatic (139,149), immunologic (123,154), insecticide (155,156), anti-obesity therapeutic potential (111,116,157,158), neuroprotective (159), vermicide (160), and emulsifier and stabilizer of the nanosuspensions (161,162).…”

Section: Terpenes Biosynthesis and Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Tedeschi

Muir²,

Naumann

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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This review provides an update of ecologically relevant phytochemicals for ruminant production, focusing on their contribution to advancing nutrition. Phytochemicals embody a broad spectrum of chemical components that influence resource competence and biological advantage in determining plant species' distribution and density in different ecosystems. These natural compounds also often act as plant defensive chemicals against predatorial microbes, insects, and herbivores. They may modulate or exacerbate microbial transactions in the gastrointestinal tract and physiological responses in ruminant microbiomes. To harness their production-enhancing characteristics, phytochemicals have been actively researched as feed additives to manipulate ruminal fermentation and establish other phytochemoprophylactic (prevent animal diseases) and phytochemotherapeutic (treat animal diseases) roles. However, phytochemical-host interactions, the exact mechanism of action, and their effects require more profound elucidation to provide definitive recommendations for ruminant production. The majority of phytochemicals of nutritional and pharmacological interest are typically classified as flavonoids (9%), terpenoids (55%), and alkaloids (36%). Within flavonoids, polyphenolics (e.g., hydrolyzable and condensed tannins) have many benefits to ruminants, including reducing methane (CH4) emission, gastrointestinal nematode parasitism, and ruminal proteolysis. Within terpenoids, saponins and essential oils also mitigate CH4 emission, but triterpenoid saponins have rich biochemical structures with many clinical benefits in humans. The anti-methanogenic property in ruminants is variable because of the simultaneous targeting of several physiological pathways. This may explain saponin-containing forages' relative safety for long-term use and describe associated molecular interactions on all ruminant metabolism phases. Alkaloids are N-containing compounds with vast pharmacological properties currently used to treat humans, but their phytochemical usage as feed additives in ruminants has yet to be exploited as they may act as ghost compounds alongside other phytochemicals of known importance. We discussed strategic recommendations for phytochemicals to support sustainable ruminant production, such as replacements for antibiotics and anthelmintics. Topics that merit further examination are discussed and include the role of fresh forages vis-à-vis processed feeds in confined ruminant operations. Applications and benefits of phytochemicals to humankind are yet to be fully understood or utilized. Scientific explorations have provided promising results, pending thorough vetting before primetime use, such that academic and commercial interests in the technology are fully adopted.

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Section: Terpenes Biosynthesis and Functionalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Tedeschi

Muir²,

Naumann

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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“…However, research on hederagenin is 10 Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine relatively scarce. As a dietary fiber, it has the potential effect to reduce lipid synthesis and lipid absorption in the intestine and promote the excretion of bile acids and triglycerides [32]. Although hyperlipidemia is an important factor in DM and DN, the effects of hederagenin in DM are still unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Tang-Shen-Ning Decoction against Diabetic Nephropathy Based on the Combination of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

Liang

Gao

et al. 2021

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) has become one of the leading causes of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Tang-Shen-Ning (TSN) decoction, an effective Traditional Chinese formula for DN, can improve the renal function and inhibit renal fibrosis in DN. However, its potential mechanism is still unexplored. Methods. A network pharmacology approach was employed in this study, including screening for differential expressed genes of DN (DN-DEGs), protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis, and GO and KEGG enrichment analysis. Besides, a rat model was established to verify the potential effect of TSN in DN. Results. Twenty-three TSN-related DN-DEGs targets were identified. These genes were associated with decreased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) DN. The enrichment analysis suggested that the inhibition of renal fibrosis and inflammation through growth factors and chemokines is the potential mechanism through which TSN improves DN. TSN reduced renal fibrosis and improved pathological damage in the kidney in vivo through the regulation of GJA1, CTGF, MMP7, and CCL5, which are genes associated with ECM deposition. Conclusion. This study revealed that TSN improves DN through a multicomponent, multitarget, and multipathway synergy. We provide a scientific basis for potential targets for TSN use to treat DN, yet further experimental validation is needed to investigate these targets and mechanisms.

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“…The anti-tumor and anti-neutrophil activating activities of HGSs have been reported [25][26][27], but their anti-obesity activity has not been reported. However, other triterpenoid saponins in foods and herbs have been shown to modulate metabolic pathways and thereby prevent obesity [28,29]. Recently, Tsai et al reported the anti-obesity effect of soyasaponins in HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice [30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Obesity Effects of Matoa (Pometia pinnata) Fruit Peel Powder in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

et al. 2021

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Fruit peels, pericarps, or rinds are rich in phenolic/polyphenolic compounds with antioxidant properties and potentially beneficial effects against obesity and obesity-related non-communicable diseases. This study investigated the anti-obesity effects of matoa (Pometia pinnata) and salak (Salacca zalacca) fruit peel. Neither matoa peel powder (MPP) nor salak peel powder (SPP) affected the body weight, visceral fat weight, or serum glucose or lipid levels of Sprague–Dawley rats when included as 1% (w/w) of a high-fat diet (HFD). However, MPP significantly decreased the hepatic lipid level. MPP at a dose of 3% (w/w) of the HFD decreased body weight, visceral fat, and serum triglyceride levels as well as the hepatic lipid content. The inhibitory effect of MPP on hepatic lipid accumulation was not enhanced when its concentration was increased from 1% to 3% of the HFD. The anti-obesity effect of matoa was partly explained by the inhibitory effect of the matoa peel extract on fatty acid-induced secretion of ApoB-48 protein, a marker of intestinal chylomicrons, in differentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers. We identified hederagenin saponins that are abundant in MPP as potential anti-obesity substances. These results will contribute towards the development of functional foods with anti-obesity effects using the matoa fruit peel.

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New insights into potential nutritional effects of dietary saponins in protecting against the development of obesity

Cited by 45 publications

References 91 publications

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Nutritional Aspects of Ecologically Relevant Phytochemicals in Ruminant Production

Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Tang-Shen-Ning Decoction against Diabetic Nephropathy Based on the Combination of Network Pharmacology and Experimental Validation

Anti-Obesity Effects of Matoa (Pometia pinnata) Fruit Peel Powder in High-Fat Diet-Fed Rats

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