New insights into the interface characteristics of a duplex stainless steel subjected to accelerated ferrite-to-austenite transformation

Haghdadi, N.; Čížek, Pavel; Hodgson, Peter; He, Youliang; Sun, Binhan; Jonas, John J.; Rohrer, Gregory S.; Beladi, Hossein

doi:10.1007/s10853-020-04358-3

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Light colored grains show austenite phase, and those dark colored ones ferrite in microstructure. 50/50 ratio as ferrite-austenite phase distribution is expected to achieve in weld microstructure of duplex stainless steel because best mechanical and corrosion properties are achieved with this ratio [11,22,31,32]. A narrow HAZ formation is clearly seen when microstructure images of welded samples are investigated (Fig.…”

Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 95%

“…Materials showing apatite formation on their surfaces can generate apatite on alive bone tissue too as well as bone binding and bone growth [34]. In vitro apatite formation abilities of surfaces of biomaterials are measured by immersing into SBF [4,26,32]. Figure 10 indicates macro-images of C2 sample (joined with lowest heat input) before and after keeping in SBF for 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days.…”

Section: Surface Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of weld seam surface and corrosion behavior of laser-beam-welded AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel in simulated body fluid

Köse

2020

J Mater Sci

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In this study, AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel was joined with laser welding. Base material and laser-welded samples were kept in simulated body fluid (SBF) for 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days. This research investigated microstructure, hydroxyapatite (HA) structure formed on surfaces, surface topography, and corrosion properties of samples which were kept in SBF. Characterization studies were performed by using microhardness, optical microscope, macroscope, SEM-EDS, XRD, and atomic force microscope. According to results, it was found out that HA accumulation was higher on base material surface when compared to weld seam surface, and also calcium-deficient carbonate HA structure with low crystallinity was observed on all surfaces. Very low corrosion rates due to very low weight losses were detected in all samples kept in SBF. The results showed us that heat input changes had an important effect on surface roughness values (R a ), apatite morphology on weld seam surfaces, and corrosion behaviors. Overall, it is considered that laser-welded duplex stainless steel can be used as an implant material depending on surface characterization and corrosion behaviors.

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Section: Microstructurementioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Surface Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of weld seam surface and corrosion behavior of laser-beam-welded AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel in simulated body fluid

Köse

2020

J Mater Sci

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“…Nowadays it is widely acknowledged [18,19] that austenite ĺ martensite orientation relationships (ORs) do not correspond exactly to either Kurdjumov-Sachs (K-S) or Nishiyama-Wassermann (N-W) but lay somewhere between them. Thus, it seems that the orientation of reversed austenite for LR samples follows few among 24 variants of K-S ORs: {110} Į' ‫}111{ۅ‬ Ȗ and <111> Į' ‫>011<ۅ‬ Ȗ .…”

Section: Heat Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regularities of structure and texture development in austenitic steel during cold rolling and heat treatment

Krymskaya¹,

Isaenkova²,

Fesenko³

et al. 2022

cisisr

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The paper studies the regularities of the structure and texture formation in austenitic steel AISI 304 under cold rolling and subsequent heat treatment. Regularities of structure and texture formation depending on the rolling type and deformation degree were established. The ratios of main texture components, the volume fractions and the distortion of the martensite's crystalline lattice were analyzed. It is shown that mechanisms of the austenite ĺ martensite phase transformation in the course of cold rolling may change depending on various deformation schemes, as well as mechanisms of the reverse phase transformation variate under subsequent annealing. Herewith depending on the rolling type and deformation degree, the crystallographic texture formation of the nucleating austenite under the heat treatment can have single component or multi-component character and follows different orientation relations. The more scattered martensite texture after deformation results in the formation of fine-dispersed austenite, which hardens the material keeping a sufficient level of plasticity.

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“…During their operation in corrosive environments, the presence of these phases increases the steel’s susceptibility to intercrystalline, pitting, and stress corrosion while also deteriorating its strength and welding properties [ 19 ]. The precipitation of the phases takes place within two temperature ranges, i.e., 300 °C–500 °C (α′, ε, π, G) and 600 °C–950 °C (M 7 C 3 , M 23 C 6 , Cr 2 N, CrN, σ, χ, γ’, R) [ 3 , 20 ]. This is the reason why these castings should not be operated at temperatures above 300 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Isothermal Holding at 750 °C and 900 °C on Microstructure and Properties of Cast Duplex Stainless Steel Containing 24% Cr-5% Ni-2.5% Mo-2.5% Cu

2022

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Changes in the microstructure and selected mechanical properties of two-phase ferritic-austenitic cast steel containing 24% Cr-5% Ni-2.5% Mo-2.5% Cu after isothermal holding at 750 °C and 900 °C are presented. The choice of the two temperatures of isothermal holding was dictated by the precipitation of brittle phases within a range of 600 °C–950 °C, while the holding time depended on the casting cooling time in the mould. Changes in the microstructure were studied by the SEM-EDS and XRD techniques. As a result of the decomposition of the eutectoid ferrite, a σ phase that was rich in Cr, Mo, and Ni and a secondary γ2 austenite with Widmannstätten morphology were formed. Compared to the austenite, the chemical composition of the secondary γ2 austenite showed depletion of Cr and Mo. In the ferrite, the presence of Cr2N nitrides was also detected. After a holding time of 3 h at 900 °C, these phases increased the hardness of the tested cast steel to approximately 275 HV10. At the same time, the UTS value was recorded to decrease with the increasing temperature based on the tensile test results. At 750 °C, the value of UTS was 250 MPa for 1 h of holding and 345 MPa for 3 h of holding. These values decreased after increasing the temperature to 900 °C and amounted to 139 for 1 h holding and 127 MPa for 3 h holding. It was also found that the elongation values at 750 °C ranged from 7–10%, while they amounted to 35–37% at 900 °C. A fracture analysis of the tested cast steel showed that in the prevailing part, the fractures were made of ductile nature with an arrangement of dimples that is typical for this type of fracture. Non-metallic inclusions that are typical for cast steel (i.e., oxides and nitrides) were also found in the area of the fractures.

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New insights into the interface characteristics of a duplex stainless steel subjected to accelerated ferrite-to-austenite transformation

Cited by 24 publications

References 53 publications

Characterization of weld seam surface and corrosion behavior of laser-beam-welded AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel in simulated body fluid

Characterization of weld seam surface and corrosion behavior of laser-beam-welded AISI 2205 duplex stainless steel in simulated body fluid

Regularities of structure and texture development in austenitic steel during cold rolling and heat treatment

Effect of Isothermal Holding at 750 °C and 900 °C on Microstructure and Properties of Cast Duplex Stainless Steel Containing 24% Cr-5% Ni-2.5% Mo-2.5% Cu

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