New insights into the origins of crustaceans of Antarctic lakes

Gibson, John A.E.; Bayly, I. A. E.

doi:10.1017/s0954102007000235

Cited by 34 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It is significant that Macrothrix oviformis together with Daphnia studeri are the only two species of the Cladocera present in continental Antarctica (the former is found only on the Antarctic Peninsula). Even during the Last Glacial Maximum, some refugia of the freshwater fauna existed on the Antarctic continent (Cromer et al 2006;Gibson and Bayly 2007), so we can assume that these continental populations of Daphnia and Macrothrix were not recently introduced, but existed from a pre-glacial time. At the same time, some other territories, i.e.…”

Section: Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Revision of thehirsuticornis‐like species ofMacrothrixBaird, 1843 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Subantarctic and temperate regions of the southern hemisphere

Kotov

2007

Journal of Natural History

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The aim of this paper is to revise populations of Macrothrix cf. hirsuticornis (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from different regions of the southern hemisphere. It is demonstrated that M. hirsuticornis Norman and Brady, 1867 s. str. is absent there, and five related species occupy different Subantarctic islands and the southernmost portions of South America, and Africa. Macrothrix boergeni Studer, 1878 from the Kerguelen Archipelago is redescribed and a neotype is selected. All populations in the southernmost portion of continental South America, Tierra del Fuego, Falklands, South Georgia, South Orkney Islands, and on the Antarctic Peninsula belong to M. oviformis Ekman, 1900. All the taxa described from this region-M. ciliata Vávra, 1900, M. odontocephala Daday, 1902, M. propinqua Sars, 1909, and, probably, M. inflata Daday, 1902are junior synonyms of M. oviformis. Two new species are established: M. sarsi sp. nov. from the Cape region of South Africa and M. ruehei sp. nov. from Crozet, Marion islands, and Île Amsterdam. Macrothrix cf. flagellata Smirnov and Timms, 1983, previously known only from Tasmania, is found on Macquarie Island too. Differences between species from the southern hemisphere and Palaearctic M. hirsuticornis are summarized. It is demonstrated that characters of the general body shape (i.e. presence of a hood or a tooth on posterior head border) have a limited value for the systematics of Macrothrix. In contrast, some fine details, mostly missed by previous authors, are valuable for species discrimination. The present study increases the number of species recorded from the Antarctic-Subantarctic region. Probably, the current pattern of Macrothrix distribution results from a disruption of a pan-continental (early Mesozoic?) species complex.

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Section: Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only two species of Cladocera can be definitively regarded as widely distributed in the Subantarctic, Alona weinecki and Daphnia studeri (Frey 1988;Pugh et al 2002;Benzie 2005;Gibson and Bayly 2007). The status of populations of Chydorus cf.…”

Section: Biogeographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Revision of thehirsuticornis‐like species ofMacrothrixBaird, 1843 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Subantarctic and temperate regions of the southern hemisphere

Kotov

2007

Journal of Natural History

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“…The different responses to temperature recorded could refiect species-specific adaptations. South American species of Boeckella are mostly distributed in lakes and ponds of Patagonia which are temperate or cold environments Gibson & Bayly, 2007;Persaud et al, 2007;Adamowicz et al, 2010). In particular, the cold stenotherm condition of B. brevicaudata can also be inferred from its restricted spatial and/or temporal distribution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such environments are dominated by copepods of the genus Boeckella (cf. Bayly, 1992;Marinone et al, 2006), which are cold stenotherm (Gibson & Bayly, 2007;Adamowicz et al, 2010), and display combined strategies to cope with high ambient UV levels (Zagarese et al, 1997;Alonso et al, 2004;Tartarotti et al, 2004;Marinone et al, 2006;Tartarotti & Sommaruga, 2006). These strategies include diel vertical migration in lakes where depth can constitute a refuge; the acquisition of photo-protective compounds (mycosporine-like amino acids and carotenoids), and photo-enzymatic repair (Zagarese et al, 1997;Tartarotti et al, 1999;Alonso et al, 2004;Garcia et al, 2010;Perez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vulnerability of Patagonian planktonic copepods to fluctuations in temperature and UV radiation

García

Diéguez

2014

Crustac

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The aim of this investigation is to address the impact of fluctuations in temperature and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) on three species of South American copepods, Boeckella antiqua, B. gracilis and B. brevicaudata. These copepods are cold stenotherm and occur in high latitude lakes of South America and in mountain lakes in the Andes. The forecast scenarios for climate change in southern South America anticipate raising temperature and UVR levels. These changes may have the potential to impact high altitude and latitude ecosystems, including lakes and their cold adapted biota, such as those in Patagonia. Laboratory experiments, consisting of 10 day and 2 day incubations, were set up to analyse copepod mortahty in relation with: (i) temperature, and (ii) the combined effect of temperature (5, 8, 12, 16, 20°C) and 194 and 324 J m^^). The results obtained showed up that temperature is a limiting factor for B. brevicaudata that did not survive above 12°C. B. antiqua and B. gracilis withstood the temperature range although their mortality was higher at 12-16°C. The survivorship of these copepod species to radiation was found to depend on the UV-B dose, resulting in higher mortality at the highest UV-B dose. Overall, at least one Boeckella species showed an acute sensitivity to increasing temperature, and the three species studied proved tolerant to the UV-B experimental exposure. The survivorship patterns observed in Boeckella species reflect clearly their adaptation to high solar radiation exposure and to temperate to cold environmental conditions. RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación es estudiar el impacto de las fluctuaciones de la temperatura y de la radiación ultravioleta (RUV) en tres especies de copépodos sudamericanos, Boeckella antiqua, B. gracilis y B. brevicaudata. La distribución geográfica de estas especies, restringida a latitudes altas de Sudamérica y a lagos de montaña en los Andes, indica su preferencia por ambientes templado-fríos. El aumento de temperatura y de los niveles de RUV a consecuencia del cambio climático impactarían partículannente a las especies estenotermas frías de lagos patagónicos. En este trabajo se reahzaron incubaciones de laboratorio de 10 y 2 días para analizar la mortalidad de Boeckella spp. en relación con: (i) la temperatura y, (ii) combinaciones de niveles de temperatura (5, 8, 12, 16, 20°C) y dosis )

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“…This approach allowed the characterization of copepod species in sediments from three fresh to brackish Antarctic lakes as old as 10 ka BP. In most cases, the fossil species found matched those of extant lake populations, but analysis of early-to mid-Holocene sediments from one lake revealed a species that is not known to exist today (Gibson and Bayly, 2007). It was furthermore shown that it is possible to recover copepod DNA from lake sediments that underwent long-term refrigeration (4°C) or preservation in polyethyleneglycol .…”

Section: Fdna In Antarctic Lakes: Ancient Copepodsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ancient DNA in lake sediment records

Coolen¹,

Gibson²

2009

PAGES news

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Ancient DNA in lake sediments offers a novel window into past aquatic ecosystems and the environmental changes that triggered past species successions. Ancient DNA in lake sediment recordsThe geological record offers our best opportunity for understanding how biological systems function over long timescales and under varying paleoenvironmental conditions. Understanding these ecosystem responses to change is critical for biologists trying to understand how organisms interact and adapt to environmental changes, and for geologists seeking to use these biology-geology relationships in order to reconstruct past climate conditions from sediment records. For example, enumeration of microscopic fossilizing protists, such as diatoms, has become a standard paleoecological approach in the fields of paleoclimatology and paleolimnology. However, the identification constructed MATs from surface sediments seem to be lower than measured MATs. An explanation for this mismatch could be the production of branched GDGTs in situ in lake sediments, which are in fact aquatic soils. Recently, this possibility has indirectly been shown for sediments from a fjord (Peterse et al., 2009) Sinninghe Damsté et al., 2009) by a different distribution of branched GDGTs in these sediments than in soils surrounding the fjord and lakes. This indicates that estimated MATs based on branched GDGT distributions in lake sediments with high in situ GDGT production might be biased towards lake bottom water temperatures.

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New insights into the origins of crustaceans of Antarctic lakes

Cited by 34 publications

References 39 publications

Revision of thehirsuticornis‐like species ofMacrothrixBaird, 1843 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Subantarctic and temperate regions of the southern hemisphere

Revision of thehirsuticornis‐like species ofMacrothrixBaird, 1843 (Cladocera: Anomopoda: Macrothricidae) from Subantarctic and temperate regions of the southern hemisphere

Vulnerability of Patagonian planktonic copepods to fluctuations in temperature and UV radiation

Ancient DNA in lake sediment records

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