New insights into the spectral, thermal and morphological analysis of time dependent structural changes during open end functionalization of single walled carbon nanotubes

Abstract

Acid functionalization inserts different types of functionalities on SWCNTs at different time intervals.

Stable Dispersions of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes Using Self-Assembled Amphiphilic Copolymer Surfactants for Fabricating Wafer-Scale Devices

“…Few peaks were observed in this range, indicating the wide distribution of SWCNT diameters in the dispersion . The D-band known as a disorder peak was observed at 1311 cm –1 in SWCNTs/NMP, which corresponds to the scattering from sp 2 carbon containing defects . The intensity of the D-band in SWCNTs, which is attributed to defects in sp 2 carbons as well as the degree of conjugation disruption in the SWCNTs, was increased by P4VP- c -PS wrapping.…”

“…As shown in Figure c, Raman spectra of SWCNTs/NMP and SWCNTs/NMP-(P4VP- c -PS) exhibited similar spectral patterns. Peaks coming from radial motion of carbon atoms, known as radial breathing mode, are expected at 100–300 cm –1 . Few peaks were observed in this range, indicating the wide distribution of SWCNT diameters in the dispersion .…”

Process controlled microstructure of polyvinylidene fluoride/functionalized single walled carbon nanotube composites

“…Thus, in addition to optimized loading as well as ultrasonication conditions, the role of optimized functionalization time of SWCNTs in serving as efficient nucleation sites for the formation of scrolled lamellar features is clearly evident from the FESEM images. Hence, crystallization of PVDF occurs in the presence of FSWCNT‐4, which is having the maximum percentage of functional groups with least defects, 1 thus bringing a better dispersion and interaction with the polymer matrix leading to microstructural changes.…”

“…The procedure followed to obtain FSWCNT used in the present study is previously reported 1 and is described in Supporting information as S1. The details of the spectroscopical, morphological, and relative ratios of different extent of functionalized nanotubes that led to the optimization of functionalization of SWCNT are described in detail in Supporting information in Sections S2, S3 and S4.…”

“…Our studies on acid functionalization of single walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT) have established that in order to obtain highest percentage of functional groups with least defects, a reaction time of 4 h is the optimum, which is proved based on multiple analysis techniques. 1 Beyond the optimum extent of functionalization, damage incurs on SWCNTs while lower extent of functionalization is incapable of attaching maximum concentration of functional groups. The optimum duration of functionalization is already validated in various polymer matrices namely, polydimethyl siloxane, 2 fluorosilicone polymer 3 and so forth.…”