New insights on schwann cell development

Monk, Kelly R.; Feltri, M. Laura; Taveggia, Carla

doi:10.1002/glia.22852

Cited by 225 publications

(230 citation statements)

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“…It is notable that SOX10 levels were relatively low in these cells, despite the fact they expressed a variety of other transcription factors and cell surface markers associated with NCSCs including SOX9, TFAP2, SNAI2, ITGB1, and NGFR. Neural crest cells are highly plastic in vivo,49 but may become fate restricted even before migration has occurred in the embryo 33. It is possible that NCSCs generated from iPSCs via Wnt activation and Smad inhibition are not equivalently multipotent for generating all neural crest derivatives and are biased toward other cell fates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell transplantation strategies for acquired and inherited disorders of peripheral myelin

Muhammad

Kim

Epifantseva

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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ObjectiveTo investigate transplantation of rat Schwann cells or human iPSC‐derived neural crest cells and derivatives into models of acquired and inherited peripheral myelin damage.MethodsPrimary cultured rat Schwann cells labeled with a fluorescent protein for monitoring at various times after transplantation. Human‐induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were differentiated into neural crest stem cells, and subsequently toward a Schwann cell lineage via two different protocols. Cell types were characterized using flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and transcriptomics. Rat Schwann cells and human iPSC derivatives were transplanted into (1) nude rats pretreated with lysolecithin to induce demyelination or (2) a transgenic rat model of dysmyelination due to PMP22 overexpression.ResultsRat Schwann cells transplanted into sciatic nerves with either toxic demyelination or genetic dysmyelination engrafted successfully, and migrated longitudinally for relatively long distances, with more limited axial migration. Transplanted Schwann cells engaged existing axons and displaced dysfunctional Schwann cells to form normal‐appearing myelin. Human iPSC‐derived neural crest stem cells and their derivatives shared similar engraftment and migration characteristics to rat Schwann cells after transplantation, but did not further differentiate into Schwann cells or form myelin.InterpretationThese results indicate that cultured Schwann cells surgically delivered to peripheral nerve can engraft and form myelin in either acquired or inherited myelin injury, as proof of concept for pursuing cell therapy for diseases of peripheral nerve. However, lack of reliable technology for generating human iPSC‐derived Schwann cells for transplantation therapy remains a barrier in the field.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell transplantation strategies for acquired and inherited disorders of peripheral myelin

Muhammad

Kim

Epifantseva

et al. 2018

Ann Clin Transl Neurol

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“…In the peripheral nervous system (PNS), the myelinating cells are known as Schwann cells, a specialized type of glial cell originating from the neural crest [6]. Likewise, oligodendrocytes myelinate the axons of the central nervous system (CNS); oligodendrocytes originate from multiple pools of oligodendrocyte progenitors (OPCs) that proliferate within the germinal zones of the developing CNS [7].…”

Section: From ‘Gluing Substance’ To Adaptive Feature: a 300-year Histmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Schwann cells require continuous feedback from axons in order to differentiate, produce myelin and express myelin-associated genes [9]; in order to differentiate when cultured in vitro , Schwann cells require a medium containing cAMP, a mimic of axonal contribution [10,11]. The readers are referred to [6] for an in-depth review of Schwann cell biology. However, in contrast to Schwann cells, oligodendrocytes can differentiate and produce large amounts of membrane even when cultured alone.…”

Section: ‘Getting Started’: Intrinsic Programs Of Oligodendrocyte Devmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity Matters: A Revised Guide to Myelination

Tomassy

Dershowitz

Arlotta

2016

Trends in Cell Biology

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The evolutionary success of the vertebrate nervous system is largely due to a unique structural feature - the myelin sheath, a fatty envelope that surrounds the axons of neurons. By increasing the speed by which electrical signals travel along axons, myelin facilitates neuronal communication between distant regions of the nervous system. Here, we review the cellular and molecular mechanisms that regulate the development of myelin as well as its homeostasis in adulthood. We discuss how finely tuned neuron-oligodendrocyte interactions are central to myelin formation during development and in the adult and how these interactions can have profound implications for the plasticity of the adult brain. We also speculate how the functional diversity of both neurons and oligodendrocytes may impact the myelination process in both health and disease.

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“…SCs develop from neural crest cells, during which process SCs transit from immature phenotype into the mature myelin-forming SCs [2]. After Peripheral nerve injury (PNI), myelinating SCs dedifferentiate into an immature statedthe activated SCs, which reenter cell cycle, synergize with macrophages removing corrupted axon and myelin debris, secrete more growth factors, and migrate into injury site forming Büngner bandda bridge guiding regenerating axons through injured site [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%