New Insights on Thylakoid Biogenesis in Plant Cells

Bastien, Olivier; Botella, César; Chevalier, Florian; Block, Maryse A.; Jouhet, Juliette; Breton, C.; Girard-Egrot, Agnès; Maréchal, Éric

doi:10.1016/bs.ircmb.2015.12.001

Cited by 30 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 118 publications

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“…Thus, the presence of membrane chaperones at curved membrane regions is expected, and together these observations might suggest that Vipp1/IM30 is a membrane chaperone possessing a special activity at highly curved membrane regions. However, curved membrane regions contain elevated amounts of the non‐bilayer‐forming galactolipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol MGDG (Murphy, ; Gounaris et al ., ), and MGDG is crucial for TM biogenesis (Bastien et al ., ) as well as for assembly of PS II (PS II) (Mizusawa and Wada, ). In fact, the highly curved TM margin regions were suggested to be of special importance for PS II assembly/accumulation in cyanobacteria, albeit deletion of the curt1 gene in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp.…”

Section: Vipp1/im30: a Crucial Player In Thylakoid Membrane Biogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

What is Vipp1 good for?

Junglas

Schneider

2018

Molecular Microbiology

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Summary While Vipp1 (also known as IM30) clearly is essential for proper biogenesis of thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, the exact function of Vipp1/IM30 still remains unclear. The recent in vivo study of Gutu et al. now demonstrates that Vipp1/IM30 forms localized puncta specifically at highly curved membrane regions at the cell periphery. These Vipp1/IM30 puncta were found being highly dynamic under normal growth conditions, while it has recently been shown that they stably associate with membranes under high‐light conditions. These observations, together with the observation that other Vipp1/IM30 homologous proteins also form puncta under stress conditions, indicate a protective function of these proteins at stressed membrane regions. However, Gutu et al. additionally show that Vipp1/IM30 is of special importance when growing cells are shifted from dark to light growth conditions, which could be explained by light stress, by thylakoid membrane dynamics and/or by photosystem biogenesis, which is being discussed in this article.

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Section: Vipp1/im30: a Crucial Player In Thylakoid Membrane Biogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

What is Vipp1 good for?

Junglas

Schneider

2018

Molecular Microbiology

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“…Etioplasts are characteristic for this developmental program and represent an intermediate stand-by state of chloroplast formation. They do not develop a thylakoid membrane system, but a prolamellar body (PLB) that is composed of regular arrangements of NADPH, the enzyme protochlorophyllide-oxido-reductase (POR), the chlorophyll precursor protochlorophyllide and the thylakoid membrane lipids digalactosyl-diacylglycerol (DGDG) and monogalactosyl-diacylglycerol (MGDG; Bastien et al, 2016). Upon illumination another developmental program called photomorphogenesis is initiated by the phytochrome-mediated photoreceptor network that triggers the expression of many nucleus located genes coding for chloroplast proteins (Arsovski et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

et al. 2017

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Plastids display a high morphological and functional diversity. Starting from an undifferentiated small proplastid, these plant cell organelles can develop into four major forms: etioplasts in the dark, chloroplasts in green tissues, chromoplasts in colored flowers and fruits and amyloplasts in roots. The various forms are interconvertible into each other depending on tissue context and respective environmental condition. Research of the last two decades uncovered that each plastid type contains its own specific proteome that can be highly different from that of the other types. Composition of these proteomes largely defines the enzymatic functionality of the respective plastid. The vast majority of plastid proteins is encoded in the nucleus and must be imported from the cytosol. However, a subset of proteins of the photosynthetic and gene expression machineries are encoded on the plastid genome and are transcribed by a complex transcriptional apparatus consisting of phage-type nuclear-encoded RNA polymerases and a bacterial-type plastid-encoded RNA polymerase. Both types recognize specific sets of promoters and transcribe partly over-lapping as well as specific sets of genes. Here we summarize the current knowledge about the sequential activity of these plastid RNA polymerases and their relative activities in different types of plastids. Based on published plastid gene expression profiles we hypothesize that each conversion from one plastid type into another is either accompanied or even preceded by significant changes in plastid transcription suggesting that these changes represent important determinants of plastid morphology and protein composition and, hence, the plastid type.

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“…Photosynthetic membranes are organized into thylakoids, which are some of the most complex membrane systems found in nature (Hurlock et al, 2014). The galactoglycerolipids monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) and digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) are the predominant lipids in thylakoid membranes and are indispensable for photosynthesis (Bastien et al, 2016). Diacylglycerol (DAG) is the precursor for glycerolipid biosynthesis in the chloroplast envelope.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diacylglycerol (DAG) is the precursor for glycerolipid biosynthesis in the chloroplast envelope. DAG precursors can be synthesized either by the prokaryotic pathway in the chloroplast inner envelope membrane or by the eukaryotic pathway that provides precursors assembled at the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for chloroplast membrane lipids (Hurlock et al, 2014;Bastien et al, 2016). As a consequence of distinct substrate specificities of the involved acyltransferases (Ohlrogge and Browse, 1995), galactoglycerolipids from the prokaryotic pathway contain a C16 fatty acids (FAs) attached to the sn-2 position of the glycerol moiety, while those from the eukaryotic pathway contain a C18 FA at the sn-2 position (Frentzen et al, 1983;Joyard et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coevolution of Domain Interactions in the Chloroplast TGD1, 2, 3 Lipid Transfer Complex Specific to Brassicaceae and Poaceae Plants

et al. 2017

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The import of lipids into the chloroplast is essential for photosynthetic membrane biogenesis. This process requires an ABC transporter in the inner envelope membrane with three subunits, TRIGALACTOSYLDIACYLGLYCEROL (TGD) 1, 2, and 3, named after the oligogalactolipids that accumulate in the respective mutants. Unlike Arabidopsis, in the model grass, chloroplast lipid biosynthesis is largely dependent on imported precursors, resulting in a characteristic difference in chloroplast lipid acyl composition between the two plants. Accordingly, Arabidopsis is designated as a 16:3 (acyl carbons:double bounds) plant and Brachypodium as an 18:3 plant. Repression of (Bd) in Brachypodium affected growth without triggering oligogalactolipid biosynthesis. Moreover, expressing Bd in the Arabidopsis mutant restored some phenotypes but did not reverse oligogalactolipid biosynthesis. A 27-amino acid loop (L45) is solely responsible for the incomplete functioning of BdTGD1 in Arabidopsis Coevolutionary analysis and coimmunoprecipitation assays showed that the TGD1 L45 loop interacts with the mycobacterial cell entry domain of TGD2. To explain the observed differences in oligogalactolipid biosynthesis between the two species, we suggest that excess monogalactosyldiacylglycerol derived from chloroplast-derived precursors in Arabidopsis is converted into oligogalactolipids, a process absent from Brachypodium with reduced TGD1 levels, which assembles monogalactosyldiacylglycerol exclusively from imported precursors.

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New Insights on Thylakoid Biogenesis in Plant Cells

Cited by 30 publications

References 118 publications

What is Vipp1 good for?

What is Vipp1 good for?

Regulatory Shifts in Plastid Transcription Play a Key Role in Morphological Conversions of Plastids during Plant Development

Coevolution of Domain Interactions in the Chloroplast TGD1, 2, 3 Lipid Transfer Complex Specific to Brassicaceae and Poaceae Plants

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