The classification and segmentation of pathologies through intelligent systems is a significant challenge for medical image analysis and computer vision systems. Diseases, such as lung problems and strokes, have a serious effect on human health worldwide. Lung diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, lagging behind strokes that in 2016 became the second leading cause of death from illnesses. Computed tomography (CT) is one of the main clinical diagnostic exams, linked to Computerized Diagnostic Assistance Systems (CAD), which are becoming solutions for health technologies. In this work, we propose a method based on the health of things for the classification and segmentation of CT images of the lung and hemorrhagic stroke. The system called HTSCS -Medical Images: Health-of-Things System for the Classification and Segmentation of Medical Images, uses transfer learning between models based on deep learning combined with classical methods for fine-tuning. The proposed method obtained excellent results for the classification of hemorrhagic stroke and pulmonary regions, with values of up to 100% accuracy. The models also achieved outstanding performances for segmentation, with Accuracy above 99 % and Dice coefficient above 97% in the best cases with an average segmentation time between 0.095 and 1.7 seconds. To validate our approach, we compared our best models for the segmentation of lung and hemorrhagic stroke in CTs, with related works found in state of the art. Our method brings an innovative approach to classification and segmentation through the use of the Health of Things for different types of medical images with promising results for medical image analysis and computer vision fields.INDEX TERMS Health of things, classification and segmentation, CTs lung and stroke, transfer learning, fine-tuning.
I. INTRODUCTIONVarious pathologies have a serious effect on human health worldwide, and the main ones are related to the lungs, brain, and heart. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is the main causes of respiratory mortality worldwide [1], andThe associate editor coordinating the review of this manuscript and approving it for publication was Victor H. Albuquerque . it was the third leading cause of death globally, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), in 2016 [2]. Also, according to the WHO, about 3.2 million deaths were caused by COPD in 2015, a total of one-twentieth of all deaths globally in that year, and over 90% of these deaths were in low and middle-income countries. Now, in 2020, 200 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with COPD, and many more are living with undiagnosed diseases [3].