New mayflies (Insecta: Ephemerida = Ephemeroptera) from the Upper Mesozoic locality of Khasurty, Western Transbaikalia

Evolution of filter‐feeding in aquatic insects dates back to the Middle Triassic: new evidence from stem‐group mayflies (Insecta, Ephemerida) from Grès à Voltzia, Vosges, France

“…This current then brings in oxygenated water along with the food particles. The oldest genus exhibiting filter‐feeding by exposed foreleg setae so far is Clavineta Sinitshenkova, 1991 (Ephemerida, Mesonetidae). Six described species occur in the Jurassic and Cretaceous with similar adaptations for filtering as we found in M. longipes and V .…”

“…Six described species occur in the Jurassic and Cretaceous with similar adaptations for filtering as we found in M. longipes and V . ludovici , like the long foreleg setae and palps with fine setation (Sinitshenkova 1991, 2000 b ; Zhang 2006, Huang et al . 2011).…”

The Ephemeroptera (Hexapoda, Insecta) from the Lower Cretaceous Crato Formation (NE Brazil): a new genus and species, and reassessment of Costalimella zucchii Zamboni, 2001 and Cratogenites corradiniae Martins-Neto, 1996

“…The Early Cretaceous diversity of ephemeropterans is mostly concentrated in Eurasian deposits, including Russia, Mongolia, and China (>30 species), as well as in the Crato Formation, which represents the most prolific stratigraphic unit for Early Cretaceous mayflies. In Eurasia, this fauna is dominated by hexagenitids, followed by Mesonetidae and Siphlonuridae (Huang et al, 2007(Huang et al, , 2011Sinitshenkova, 1989Sinitshenkova, , 2000bSinitshenkova, , 2017, together encompassing nearly 90% of all species. In Brazil, the species distribution is more uniform; although Hexagenitidae is still more common, with five out of 15 valid species.…”

“…Their temporal record spans minimally from Permian (Grimaldi and Engel 2005;Staniczek, 2007) to recent, with approximately 3500 extant species described so far (Sartori and Brittain, 2015). The phylogenetic position of the group is controversial and has been discussed on the basis of three hypothesis: (i) as closely related to Odonata (Palaeoptera hypothesis; Martynov, 1925;Crampton, 1924;Haas and Kukalov a-Peck, 2001;Kukalov a-Peck, 2008;Regier et al, 2010;Blanke et al, 2013;Thomas et al, 2013;Song et al, 2019), (ii) as closely related to Neoptera (Chiastomyaria hypothesis; Carle, 1982aCarle, , 1982bKjer, 2004;Yoshizawa and Johnson, 2005;Misof et al, 2007;Simon et al, 2009), and (iii) sister group of clade Odonata þ Neoptera (Metapterygota hypothesis; Staniczek, 2000;Wheeler et al, 2001;Ogden and Whiting, 2003;Grimaldi and Engel, 2005;Willkommen and H€ ornschemeyer, 2007;Zhang et al, 2008). Despite this long history of disagreement, there is a general consensus that mayflies constitute an early branch of winged insects (Grimaldi and Engel, 2005;Dominguez et al, 2006;Staniczek, 2007;Sartori and Brittain, 2015).…”