New neutron-rich isotope production in 154 Sm+ 160 Gd

Abstract

Deep inelastic scattering in 154 Sm+ 160 Gd at energies above the Bass barrier is for the first time investigated with two different microscopic dynamics approaches: improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model and time dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory. No fusion is observed from both models. The capture pocket disappears for this reaction due to strong Coulomb repulsion and the contact time of the di-nuclear system formed in head-on collisions is about 700 fm/c at an incident energy of 440 MeV. The isotope distribution of fragments in the deep inelastic scattering process is predicted with the simulations of the latest ImQMD-v2.2 model together with a statistical code (GEMINI) for describing the secondary decay of fragments. More than 40 extremely neutronrich unmeasured nuclei with 58 ≤ Z ≤ 76 are observed and the production cross sections are at the order of µb to mb. The multi-nucleon transfer reaction of Sm+Gd could be an alternative way to synthesize new neutron-rich lanthanides which are difficult to be produced with traditional fusion reactions or fission of actinides. * Electronic address: wangning@gxnu.edu.cn † Electronic address: luguo@ucas.ac.cn 65 −59.33 68 105 975 −53.77 62 100 31 −54.52 68 106 549 −52.31

TDHF Theory and Its Extensions for the Multinucleon Transfer Reaction: A Mini Review

“…There are a bunch of models developed so far for the MNT study, such as the semi-classical model, like GRAZING [122,[205][206][207][208][209][210] or CWKB [117][118][119]211], the dinuclear system (DNS) model [212][213][214][215][216][217][218][219][220][221][222][223][224][225][226], the improved quantum molecular dynamics (ImQMD) model [227][228][229][230], and the Langevin model [131-140, 231, 232]. There are pros and cons in those approaches.…”

Quasifission Dynamics in Microscopic Theories

“…A number of theoretical approaches have been developed that describe the quasifission in terms of multi-nucleon transfer (MNT) processes [41,42,43,44,45,46,47]. Recently, time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory have proven to be an excellent tool for studying QF dynamics, and in particular mass-angle distributions and final fragment total kinetic energies (TKE) [48,31,37,49,32,50,51,52,34,53,45,54,55,56]. While the fragments produced in TDHF studies are the excited primary fragments [57] a number of extensions based on the use of Langevin dynamics have been successfully applied to de-excite these fragments [55,58,59,56,60] Theoretical studies of quasifission dynamics have taught us that dynamics themselves may be dominated by shell effects [61,47].…”

Deformed shell effects in Ca48+Bk249 quasifission fragments

“…This includes classical methods such as a transport model [34], the dinuclear system model [35][36][37][38], and models based on the Langevin equation [39][40][41][42][43]. Microscopic approaches such as quantum molecular dynamics [44][45][46] and the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF) theory [17,18,32,43,[47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57] have also been used. See [58][59][60][61] for recent reviews on TDHF.An advantage of microscopic calculations is that their only inputs are the parameters of the energy density functional describing the interaction between the nucleons.…”