New pediatric risk factors for amblyopia: strabismic versus refractive

Guimarães, Sandra; Vieira, Maria João; Queirós, Tatiana; Soares, Andreia; Costa, Patrício; Silva, Eduardo

doi:10.5301/ejo.5001036

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…5 years old is within the visual function to the development of an important period, visual development continues to 6 ~ 8 years old, such as for some reason this period caused by binocular visual obstacle, visual cell is not normal stimulation, visual function stays in a lower level, binocular vision is low, cannot be rectified, formed the binocular amblyopia; if can only use one eye to see, as time passes repeated stimulation of visual development, and can't look in the other eye growth retardation, formed of monocular amblyopia. And after the end of the 9 year old visual development sensitive period, the hope of a cure for amblyopia [9]. With the increasing of the population of our country and the development of medical technology, more and more children with amblyopia will be diagnosed, the key to the treatment of amblyopia is early detection, early treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of 632.8 nm Low Power He Ne Laser in Comprehensive Treatment of Refractive Amblyopia in Children

Chen¹,

Tao²,

Cao³

et al. 2020

AJBLS

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AIM: To investigate the clinical effect of low power He Ne laser in the treatment of children's refractive amblyopia, and to analyze the necessary reference for the comprehensive treatment of children's refractive amblyopia. METHODS: 112 cases diagnosed (176 eyes) with refractive amblyopic children according to the visiting sequence were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, control group of children with conventional synthetic amblyopia therapeutic apparatus in the treatment, and treatment group attached children helium neon laser project suffering from ocular irradiation treatment, observation of visual function after record 3-6 months, fundus and electrophysiological changes. RESULTS: in the treatment group, the cure rate of mild, moderate and severe amblyopia after 3 months were 82.2%, 80.6%, 36.4%, the cure rate was 95.6%, 88.9%, 63.6% after 6 months. In the control group, the cure rate was 47.7%, 20% and 0% after 3 months, the cure rate was 54.5%, 30%, 12.5% after 6 months, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the treatment group was better than the control group in the visual function of children with amblyopia (P<0.05), and shortened the recovery time of the visual function of the children with amblyopia, and there was no abnormal changes in the fundus of the eyes. Conclusion: low power He Ne laser used in the comprehensive treatment of children with refractive amblyopia, improve the cure rate of amblyopia in children, and shorten the treatment of amblyopia treatment recovery, safe and effective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of 632.8 nm Low Power He Ne Laser in Comprehensive Treatment of Refractive Amblyopia in Children

Chen¹,

Tao²,

Cao³

et al. 2020

AJBLS

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show abstract

“…Amblyopia was diagnosed as previously described in 22 and included registration of occlusive treatment in addition to strabismus or refractive error. In cases without occlusive treatment, the inclusion criteria for anisometropic amblyopia was: an interocular difference of ≥ 2 lines in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and an amblyogenic refractive error (ARE) responsible for that difference.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late Ophthalmologic Referral of Anisometropic Amblyopia: A Retrospective Study of Different Amblyopia Subtypes

Vieira¹,

Guimarães²,

Costa³

et al. 2019

Acta Med Port

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Introduction: Amblyopia requires a timely diagnosis and treatment to attain maximum vision recovery. Specialty literature is lacking on how early amblyopia is referred. We aimed to understand if there are mean age differences at first referral for ophthalmologic tertiary center consultation among non-amblyopic and different types of amblyopia, in a context of lack of population screening.Material and Methods: In this retrospective model, the sample corresponded to all children born in Braga Hospital during 1997 - 2012 (3 - 18 years-old), with an ophthalmologic consultation in 2014. Data was collected from the clinical records and children were divided in a non-amblyopic versus amblyopic group. The amblyopic group was subdivided in strabismic versus refractive (anisometropic/bilateral).Results: The sample had a total of 1665 participants, 1369 (82.2%) without amblyopia and 296 (17.8%) with amblyopia. Among amblyopia: 67.9% (n = 201) refractive, 32.1% (n = 95) strabismic. Within refractive amblyopia: 63.7% (n = 128) anisometropic and 36.3% (n = 73) bilateral. The mean age at first consultation was 6.24 ± 3.90 years-old: 6.39 ± 3.98 for non-amblyopic and 5.76 ± 3.58 for amblyopic. Among amblyopia subgroups, there were significant differences in mean age at first consultation (F3,1250 = 8.45; p < 0.001; η2 = 0.020). Strabismic and bilateral refractive amblyopia were referred earlier, when compared to non-amblyopia or anisometropic amblyopia (p < 0.05). Anisometropic amblyopia had the highest first consultation mean age: 6.92 ± 3.57 years-old.Discussion: Without specific pre-school screening, children with amblyopia were referred to their first ophthalmologic evaluation significantly later than desired, especially anisometropic amblyopia, with a postschool mean age for first consultation.Conclusion: Recognizing high-risk children is essential for earlier referral and helps minimize future visual handicap.

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“…In those with a high refractive prescription, this may need to be stepped up to the full prescription or atropine drops used initially to aid compliance [9]. In addition, strabismic amblyopia is present within the first year of life in a great part of cases [5]. Early diagnosis, strabismus surgery [6], and active and/o passive [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of Strabismic Amblyopia Associated with Accommodative Esotropia with Haidinger Brushes – A Case Report

Sharma¹

2023

Act Sci Oph

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Background: Strabismic amblyopia is characterized by an imbalance of the sensorial and motor system. Differences between both eyes due to squinting during 1st months of life can originate an entire fovea fixation and ARC, which is a binocular condition generated by the absence of a correct bi-foveal fixation [2]. Accommodative esotropia usually presents between 2 and 4 years of age with an increase in accommodative needs and is directly linked to the amount of hypermetropia [9]. Although patching remains the gold standard therapy of amblyopia, several new treatment options have emerged over the years. These include refractive adaptation, atropine penalization, and several binocular activities with varying success rates [10].Case Report: 6-year-old male presented with complaints of inward deviation, and blurring of vision for distance and near. A proper squint evaluation was performed to determine the presence of the type of squint. Accommodative esotropia with amblyopia in one eye was reported. Synoptophorehaidinger brushes were recommended for foveal stimulation for the amblyopic eye followed by patching. The patient reported good compliance and significant vision improvement in the amblyopic eye and no longer blur and deviation with glasses were observed. Conclusion:Accommodative esotropia with amblyopia showed substantial improvement with the help of Haidinger brushes in the amblyopic eye. A combination of patching and Haidinger brushes is an efficacious approach for achieving an improvement in visual acuity and binocular function in strabismic amblyopia.

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New pediatric risk factors for amblyopia: strabismic versus refractive

Cited by 9 publications

References 20 publications

Efficacy of 632.8 nm Low Power He Ne Laser in Comprehensive Treatment of Refractive Amblyopia in Children

Efficacy of 632.8 nm Low Power He Ne Laser in Comprehensive Treatment of Refractive Amblyopia in Children

Late Ophthalmologic Referral of Anisometropic Amblyopia: A Retrospective Study of Different Amblyopia Subtypes

Management of Strabismic Amblyopia Associated with Accommodative Esotropia with Haidinger Brushes – A Case Report

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