New perspectives in transport phenomena in electrolytes

Durand-Vidal, Serge; Turq, Pierre; Bernard, Olivier; Treiner, Claude; Blum, L.

doi:10.1016/0378-4371(96)00083-0

Cited by 37 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 37 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The properties of highly concentrated ionic solutions and mixtures in bulk solution can be quite complex and yet can be well described by a remarkable modern theory, called the MSA (mean spherical approximation) developed by many workers over the last few decades, but by Lesser Blum, more than anyone else (Bernard & Blum, 1996;Blum, 1975;Blum et al, 1996;Blum & Hoye, 1977;Durand-Vidal et al, 1996;Hoye & Blum, 1978). This is not the place, nor am I the person to review this theory.…”

Section: Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5 of (Edsall & Wyman, 1958). (Berry et al, 1980;Bockris & Reddy, 1970;Conway et al, 1983;Davis & McCammon, 1990;Friedman, 1962;Friedman, 1985;Harned & Owen, 1958;Honig & Nichols, 1995;Newman, 1991;Robinson & Stokes, 1959;Schmickler, 1996) or their modern replacement, the Mean-Spherical-Approximation (MSA) theories (Bernard & Blum, 1996;Blum, 1975;Blum & Hoye, 1977;Hoye & Blum, 1978).…”

Section: Bob Eisenberg Ionic Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Blum, 1975;Blum, 1994;Blum & Hoye, 1977;Durand-Vidal et al, 1996;Hoye & Blum, 1978) as described in the Mean Spherical Approximation (MSA) of physical chemistry. 0  Ca is described in PNP2 by a single number, at all concentrations, at all potentials and in all solutions as long as the pH does not change.…”

Section: Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Eisenberg

1999

Journal of Membrane Biology

159

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We consider a simple working hypothesis that all permeation properties of open ionic channels can be predicted by understanding electrodiffusion in fixed structures, without invoking conformation changes, or changes in chemical bonds. We know, of course, that ions can bind to specific protein structures, and that this binding is not easily described by the traditional electrostatic equations of physics textbooks, that describe average electric fields, the so-called `mean field'. The question is which specific properties can be explained just by mean field electrostatics and which cannot. I believe the best way to uncover the specific chemical properties of channels is to invoke them as little as possible, seeking to explain with mean field electrostatics first. Then, when phenomena appear that cannot be described that way, by the mean field alone, we turn to chemically specific explanations, seeking the appropriate tools (of electrochemistry, Langevin, or molecular dynamics, for example) to understand them. In this spirit, we turn now to the structure of open ionic channels, apply the laws of electrodiffusion to them, and see how many of their properties we can predict just that way.Comment: Nearly final version of publicatio

show abstract

Section: Comparison With Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bob Eisenberg Ionic Channelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Eisenberg

1999

Journal of Membrane Biology

159

131

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Following the suggestion of one of the referees, we give a sketch of an alternative and more standard way of deriving the outer limit dynamics (19). Introduceq = βc 2 − αc 1 .…”

Section: The Outer Limit Dynamics On Smentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Introduction. Electrodiffusion, the diffusion and migration of electric charge, plays a central role in a wide range of our technology and science [53,11,54,14,15,67,41]: semiconductor technology controls the migration and diffusion of quasi-particles of charge in transistors and integrated circuits [75,62,71], chemical sciences deal with charged molecules in water [11,19,8,26,9,10], all of biology occurs in plasmas of ions and charged organic molecules in water [3,16,33,72]. It is no coincidence that the physics of electrodiffusion is of such general importance: systems of moving charge have a richness of behavior that can be sometimes easily controlled by boundary conditions [67,71], and the goal of technology (and much of physical science) is to control systems to allow useful behavior.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Poisson–Nernst–Planck Systems for Ion Channels with Permanent Charges

Eisenberg¹,

Liu²

2007

SIAM J. Math. Anal.

133

218

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Ionic channels and semiconductor devices use atomic scale structures to control macroscopic flows from one reservoir to another. The one-dimensional steady-state Poisson-NernstPlanck (PNP) system is a useful representation of these devices, but experience shows that describing the reservoirs as boundary conditions is difficult. We study the PNP system for two types of ions with three regions of piecewise constant permanent charge, assuming the Debye number is large, because the electric field is so strong compared to diffusion. Reservoirs are represented by the outer regions with permanent charge zero. If the reciprocal of the Debye number is viewed as a singular parameter, the PNP system can be treated as a singularly perturbed system that has two limiting systems: inner and outer systems (termed fast and slow systems in geometric singular perturbation theory). A complete set of integrals for the inner system is presented that provides information for boundary and internal layers. Application of the exchange lemma from geometric singular perturbation theory gives rise to the existence and (local) uniqueness of the solution of the singular boundary value problem near each singular orbit. A set of simultaneous equations appears in the construction of singular orbits. Multiple solutions of such equations in this or similar problems might explain a variety of multiple valued phenomena seen in biological channels, for example, some forms of gating, and might be involved in other more complex behaviors, for example, some kinds of active transport. Key words. singular perturbation, boundary layers, internal layers AMS subject classifications. 34A26, 34B16, 34D15, 37D10, 92C35DOI. 10.1137/060657480 1. Introduction. Electrodiffusion, the diffusion and migration of electric charge, plays a central role in a wide range of our technology and science [53,11,54,14,15,67,41]: semiconductor technology controls the migration and diffusion of quasi-particles of charge in transistors and integrated circuits [75,62,71], chemical sciences deal with charged molecules in water [11,19,8,26,9,10], all of biology occurs in plasmas of ions and charged organic molecules in water [3,16,33,72]. It is no coincidence that the physics of electrodiffusion is of such general importance: systems of moving charge have a richness of behavior that can be sometimes easily controlled by boundary conditions [67,71], and the goal of technology (and much of physical science) is to control systems to allow useful behavior.Control is important to the medical and biological sciences as well. Medicine seeks to control disease and help life. Evolution controls life by selecting those organisms that successfully reproduce. Organisms control their internal environment and external behavior to make reproduction possible, often using electrodiffusion for the mechanism of control [72,33]. Whatever the reason, it is a fact that nearly all biology occurs in ultrafiltrates of blood called plasmas, in which ions move much as they move in gaseous plasmas, or ...

show abstract

Crowded Charges in Ion Channels

Eisenberg

2011

Advances in Chemical Physics

129

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Physical Chemistry and Life. Ions in water are the liquid of life. Life occurs almost entirely in 'salt water'. Life began in salty oceans. Animals kept that salt water within them when they moved out of the ocean to drier surroundings. The plasma and blood that surrounds all cells are electrolytes more or less resembling sea water. The plasma inside cells is an electrolyte solution that more or less resembles the sea water in which life began. Water itself (without ions) is lethal to animal cells and damaging for most proteins. Water must contain the right ions in the right amounts if it is to sustain life.Physical chemistry is the language of electrolyte solutions and so physical chemistry, and biology, particularly physiology, have been intertwined since physical chemistry was developed some one hundred fifty years ago. Physiology, of course, was studied by the Greeks some millennia earlier, but the biological role of electrolyte solutions could not be understood until ions were discovered by chemists some 2,000 years later.Physical chemists and biologists come from different traditions that separated for several decades as biologists identified and described the molecules of life. Communication is not easy between a fundamentally descriptive tradition and a fundamentally analytical one. Biologists have now learned to study their well defined systems with physical techniques, of considerable interest to physical chemists. Physical chemists are increasingly interested in spatially inhomogeneous systems with structures on the atomic scale so common in biology. Physical chemists will find it productive to work on well defined systems built by evolution to be reasonably robust, with input output relations insensitive to environmental insults. The overlap in science is clear. The human overlap is harder because the fields have grown independently for some time, and the knowledge base, assumptions, and jargon of the fields do not coincide. Indeed, they sometimes seem disjoint, without overlap.This article deals with properties of ion channels that in my view can be dealt with by 'physics as usual', with much the same tools that physical chemists apply to other systems. Indeed, I introduce and use a tool of physicists-a field theory (and boundary conditions) based on an energy variational approach developed by Chun Liu 141,575,766,806,944 -not too widely used among physical chemists. My goal is to provide the knowledge base, and identify the assumptions, that biologists use in studying ion channels, avoiding jargon. Although we do not know enough to write atomic, detailed physical models of the process by which ions move through channels, rather simple models of selectivity and permeation work quite well in important cases. Those physical models and cases are the main focus of this review because they demonstrate the strong essential link between the traditional treatments of ions in chemical physics, and the biological function of ion channels.At first, ion channels may seem to be an extreme system. They are as smal...

show abstract

New perspectives in transport phenomena in electrolytes

Cited by 37 publications

References 37 publications

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

From Structure to Function in Open Ionic Channels

Poisson–Nernst–Planck Systems for Ion Channels with Permanent Charges

Crowded Charges in Ion Channels

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About