When a fracturing fluid invades a
nanoscale shale pore structure,
it will inevitably affect the ad-/desorption behavior of methane adsorbed
on a shale pore wall, impacting the overall methane production of
a well. In this work, methane ad-/desorption experiments were conducted
on the Longmaxi formation shale with varying levels of relative humidity
(0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3). In addition, the mechanisms and efficiency of
methane replacement by water molecules were analyzed. The results
indicate that water molecules occupy the adsorption sites of methane
molecules in shale nanopores, thus reducing the methane adsorption
volume and increasing the difficulty of adsorption. With an increase
in the water content, the Langmuir volume of methane adsorption decreases
linearly. At high pressures (greater than 8 MPa), a higher water content
results in a lower hysteresis index, while at pressures less than
8 MPa, the hysteresis index increases and results in increasing methane
desorption compared to dry shale samples. The efficiency of methane
replacement by water molecules increases with an increase in the water
content and decreases with an increase in pressure. The results of
calculating the disjoining pressure of a shale surface-methane adsorption
layer-water film system show that the stability of a water film on
a shale surface is far greater than that of a methane adsorption layer
on a shale surface. These insights will be helpful for analyzing the
influence of an imbibition fracturing fluid on shale gas production
under in situ conditions.