New Perspectives on User Participation in Technology Design Processes: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Grates, Miriam; Heming, Ann-Christin; Vukoman, Marina; Schabsky, Peter; Sorgalla, Jonas

doi:10.1093/geront/gny112

Cited by 29 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…In recent years, design processes for technology often have explicit approaches to user participation in the development of the new technology [17]. Such participatory design is meant to lead to technology which is better adapted to user needs than previous technological solutions [18]. Regardless of this development, the term script [14] is useful in exploring how technology is implemented and used in varied settings.…”

Section: Technological Implementation In a Care Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health professionals’ experiences with the implementation of a digital medication dispenser in home care services – a qualitative study

Kleiven¹,

Ljunggren²,

Solbjør³

2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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Background: Implementing digital technology in home care services challenges care arrangements built on faceto-face encounters. Digital welfare technology has been suggested as a solution to increasing demands on health care services from an ageing population. Medication delivery is a major task for home care services, and digital medication devices could lessen the need for resources. But technology has scripts based on how designers picture its use, and these might not fit with users' needs and practices. New technology must go through processes of domestication among its users. In the present study, we investigate how health professionals experienced the implementation of a digital medication dispenser into home care services in Norway. Methods: This was a qualitative interview study with 26 health professionals from home care services in five municipalities. Results: All five municipalities had implemented a digital medication dispenser in home care services. Prior to the introduction of the dispenser, medication practices had been based on home visits. The safety of medication practices was the main concern of health professionals who had to negotiate the technological script in order to make it work in a new care arrangement. Rationalities of effectiveness collided with rationalities of care, symbolized by warm hands. Professionals who had been used to working independently became dependent on technical support. Being unfamiliar with the new medication arrangement led to resistance towards the digital dispenser, but more direct experiences changed the focus from technology to new care arrangements. Negotiating practical and organizational arrangements led health professionals to trust the digital medication dispenser to contribute to safe and good care for service users.

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Section: Technological Implementation In a Care Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health professionals’ experiences with the implementation of a digital medication dispenser in home care services – a qualitative study

Kleiven¹,

Ljunggren²,

Solbjør³

2020

BMC Health Serv Res

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“…Such digital disparities can lead to disadvantages for some groups and hence contribute to increased risks of social exclusion and widened social inequality. Disparities can be reinforced by the participant selection strategies in studies evaluating new digital technologies [1,18,19]. Evaluations of digital health technologies typically follow the laboratory phases in which the digital technologies are developed and customized and focus on evaluating such tools with future target users via pilot trials or randomized trials [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, such evaluations have some important shortcomings. Among others, the selection of study participants often results in samples that do not reflect the target population of interest [18,19] and hence, predetermines selective nonparticipation in the studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of (Non)Participation of Older People in Digital Health Research: Exergame Intervention Study

Poli¹,

Kelfve²,

Klompstra³

et al. 2020

J Med Internet Res

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Background The use of digital technologies is increasing in health care. However, studies evaluating digital health technologies can be characterized by selective nonparticipation of older people, although older people represent one of the main user groups of health care. Objective We examined whether and how participation in an exergame intervention study was associated with age, gender, and heart failure (HF) symptom severity. Methods A subset of data from the HF-Wii study was used. The data came from patients with HF in institutional settings in Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, and Sweden. Selective nonparticipation was examined as resulting from two processes: (non)recruitment and self-selection. Baseline information on age, gender, and New York Heart Association Functional Classification of 1632 patients with HF were the predictor variables. These patients were screened for HF-Wii study participation. Reasons for nonparticipation were evaluated. Results Of the 1632 screened patients, 71% did not participate. The nonrecruitment rate was 21%, and based on the eligible sample, the refusal rate was 61%. Higher age was associated with lower probability of participation; it increased both the probabilities of not being recruited and declining to participate. More severe symptoms increased the likelihood of nonrecruitment. Gender had no effect. The most common reasons for nonrecruitment and self-selection were related to physical limitations and lack of time, respectively. Conclusions Results indicate that selective nonparticipation takes place in digital health research and that it is associated with age and symptom severity. Gender effects cannot be proven. Such systematic selection can lead to biased research results that inappropriately inform research, policy, and practice. Trial Registration ClinicalTrial.gov NCT01785121, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01785121

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“…For one, involving users can be fairly demanding, for example, due to risks of misunderstandings between designers and users, difficulties encouraging users, and required time and effort ( Wilson, Bekker, Johnson, & Johnson, 1997 ). Involving representatives of the demographic of older people can be additionally challenging, because older people are an extremely heterogeneous group with highly varied characteristics and needs, who use, modify, and interact with technologies in rather diverse ways ( Grates, Heming, Vukoman, Schabsky, & Sorgalla, 2019 ). Moreover, questions regarding power distributions have been raised regarding participatory approaches in general ( Bratteteig & Wagner, 2012 ) and involving older people specifically ( Östlund, Olander, Jonsson, & Frennert, 2015 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Importance of User Involvement: A Systematic Review of Involving Older Users in Technology Design

2019

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Background and Objectives There is a lack of understanding of how older adults’ involvement and participation matters in actual design practice. This systematic literature review investigates existing empirical studies involving older users during the design of technologies and explores the nature and consequences of involving older people. Research Design and Methods Our literature review is informed by the guidelines of the PRISMA statement. We examined the included studies by means of thematic content analysis to identify the nature of older users’ involvement and existing evidence on what consequences it has. Results In total, 40 empirical studies published in the period 2014–2018 are included in the review. Most empirical studies involve older people from local networks, with underlying stereotypical images and at lower levels of participation. The results reveal three main consequences of involving older users: learning, adjusted design, and an increased sense of participation. Furthermore, we found that user involvement is a structured process whose outcomes are contingent on a range of premises. Discussion and Implications Synthesizing the results, we develop the concept of user involvement and present an analytical framework. Our results have implications for researchers and policy makers, since they throw into question the widely held assumption that involving older people inevitably yields beneficial outcomes.

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New Perspectives on User Participation in Technology Design Processes: An Interdisciplinary Approach

Cited by 29 publications

References 23 publications

Health professionals’ experiences with the implementation of a digital medication dispenser in home care services – a qualitative study

Health professionals’ experiences with the implementation of a digital medication dispenser in home care services – a qualitative study

Prediction of (Non)Participation of Older People in Digital Health Research: Exergame Intervention Study

The Importance of User Involvement: A Systematic Review of Involving Older Users in Technology Design

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