New Physics with Evanescent Wave Atomic Mirrors: The van der
Waals Force and Atomic Diffraction

Westbrook, Nathalie; Westbrook, Christoph I; Landragin, Arnaud; Labeyrie, G.; Cognet, Laurent; Savalli, V.; Horváth, G.; Aspect, Alain; Hendel, Catherine Lin; Moelmer, Klaus; Courtois, J.-Y.; Phillips, William D.; Kaiser, Robin; Bagnato, V. S.

doi:10.1238/physica.topical.078a00007

Cited by 27 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We focus on ultra-cold atoms bouncing on an oscillating atom mirror in the presence of the gravitational field [73] (for the stationary mirror experiments see [74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81]) but the phenomena we investigate can be realized in any periodically driven system which can reveal nonlinear resonances in the classical description [82]. The singleparticle Hamiltonian, in the gravitational units and in the frame oscillating with the mirror [83], reads…”

Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological time crystals

et al. 2019

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By analogy with the formation of space crystals, crystalline structures can also appear in the time domain. While in the case of space crystals we often ask about periodic arrangements of atoms in space at a moment of a detection, in time crystals the role of space and time is exchanged. That is, we fix a space point and ask if the probability density for detection of a system at this point behaves periodically in time. Here, we show that in periodically driven systems it is possible to realize topological insulators, which can be observed in time. The bulk-edge correspondence is related to the edge in time, where edge states localize. We focus on two examples: Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model in time and Bose Haldane insulator which emerges in the dynamics of a periodically driven many-body system. 5 Note that due to the negative effective mass m eff , the first energy band is the highest in energy. 2 New J. Phys. 21 (2019) 052003 where = ¢ J J i 2and J 2i−1 =J, which is identical to the SSH model [86]. The latter describes spinless fermions hopping on a 1D-lattice with staggered hopping amplitudes. Changing the ratio λ 1 /λ in (1), allows one to control the ratio ¢ J J . This effective Hamiltonian belongs to the BDI class of the periodic table of the topological insulators and superconductors [87] and is characterized by a  topological invariant, the winding number ν. For an infinite system with ¢ > J J ( ¢ < J J ), the system is in a topological (trivial) phase with winding number ν=1 (ν=0). For a finite system, the topological phase exhibits zero energy edge states protected by the topology of the bulk. The SSH model has been experimentally realized in quantum simulators and both the presence of edge states and the winding number have been measured [63][64][65]. Let us emphasize that the Wannier states w i (x, t) of equation (2) are localized wavepackets of the effective SSH Hamiltonian of equation (3). We then discuss how such states allow one to detect the topology of the SSH Hamiltonian. corresponding to quasi-energies closest to zero, see top panel. In the topological phase, these eigenstates have zero quasi-energy and are linear combinations of the edge states localized at the edge of time. That is, in the laboratory frame, a detector is placed close to the oscillating mirror (x≈0) and the probability density of clicking of the detector is shown versus time for different values of the ratio ¢ J J of the tunneling amplitudes in (3). This behavior is repeated with the period 2π/ω. At sωt/(2π)=1 and sωt/(2π)=40 there are edges where the eigenstate localizes if ¢ > J J 1. The results correspond to ω=0.067, λ=0.06 in (1) and are obtained within the quantum secular approach [84], see the appendix.

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Section: The Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Topological time crystals

et al. 2019

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“…The hard walls introduced here are more than just a textbook example; by means of blue-detuned evanescent wave atomic mirrors, current experiments are able to produce steep walls [62,63,[65][66][67][68][69][70][71]. The evanescent electromagnetic wave is entailed at the surface of a dielectric prism from total internal reflection of a linearly polarized blue-detuned laser beam.…”

Section: Experimental Relevancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The amplitude U0 is proportional to the inverse frequency de tuning from resonance [70]. The decay length X of the potential is chiefly determined by the wavelength of reflected light and is as small as 50 nm in several systems of experimental interest (see further).…”

Section: -11mentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical wetting, first-order wetting, and prewetting phase transitions in binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates

Schaeybroeck

Indekeu

2015

Phys. Rev. A

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An ultralow-temperature binary mixture of Bose-Einstein condensates adsorbed at an optical wall can undergo a wetting phase transition in which one of the species excludes the other from contact with the wall. Interestingly, while hard-wall boundary conditions entail the wetting transition to be of first order, using Gross-Pitaevskii theory we show that first-order wetting as well as critical wetting can occur when a realistic exponential optical wall potential (evanescent wave) with a finite turn-on length A is assumed. The relevant surface excess energies are computed in an expansion in A ./£;, where £, is the healing length of condensate i. Experimentally, the wetting transition may best be approached by varying the interspecies scattering length a n using Feshbach resonances. In the hard-wall limit, A -» 0, exact results are derived for the prewetting and first-order wetting phase boundaries.

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“…Several experiments can now test these predictions. Atoms transmitted through a cavity ͑Anderson et Sukenik et al, 1993͒, atoms diffracted from a material grating Grisenti, Schöllkopf, Toennies, Manson, et al, 2000;Shimizu, 2001;Bruehl et al, 2002;Cronin and Perreault, 2004;Perreault et al, 2005͒, atoms undergoing quantam reflection ͑Anderson et al, 1986Berkhout et al, 1989;Shimizu, 2001;Shimizu and Fujita, 2002a;Druzhinina and DeKieviet, 2003;Pasquini et al, 2006͒, atoms reflecting from evanescent waves near surfaces ͑Hajnal et al, 1989;Kaiser et al, 1996;Westbrook et al, 1998;Esteve et al, 2004͒, atoms trapped near surfaces ͑Lin et al, 2004McGuirk et al, 2004;Harber et al, 2005͒, andatoms in interferometers ͑Brezger et al, 2002;Kohno et al, 2003;Nairz et al, 2003;Cronin, 2005, 2006͒ have been used to measure atom-surface interaction potentials. For a review of experiments see the CAMS ͑2005͒ proceedings.…”

Section: Casimir-polder (Atom-surface) Potentialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optics and Interferometry with Atoms and Molecules

Schmiedmayer

2001

Atomic and Molecular Beams

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Interference with atomic and molecular matter waves is a rich branch of atomic physics and quantum optics. It started with atom diffraction from crystal surfaces and the separated oscillatory fields technique used in atomic clocks. Atom interferometry is now reaching maturity as a powerful art with many applications in modern science. In this review the basic tools for coherent atom optics are described including diffraction by nanostructures and laser light, three-grating interferometers, and double wells on atom chips. Scientific advances in a broad range of fields that have resulted from the application of atom interferometers are reviewed. These are grouped in three categories: ͑i͒ fundamental quantum science, ͑ii͒ precision metrology, and ͑iii͒ atomic and molecular physics. Although some experiments with Bose-Einstein condensates are included, the focus of the review is on linear matter wave optics, i.e., phenomena where each single atom interferes with itself.

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New Physics with Evanescent Wave Atomic Mirrors: The van der Waals Force and Atomic Diffraction

Cited by 27 publications

References 8 publications

Topological time crystals

Topological time crystals

Critical wetting, first-order wetting, and prewetting phase transitions in binary mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates

Optics and Interferometry with Atoms and Molecules

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