New Pollution Challenges in Groundwater and Wastewater Due to COVID-19

El-Ramady, Hassan; Eid, Yahya; Brevik, Eric C.

doi:10.21608/jsas.2020.51353.1257

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…No one deny that COVID-19 is classified as one of the most critical global health crises, which faced the humanity in the 21st century. This virus has caused a lot of troubles in different sectors of our life as reported by our previous reports (i.e., El-Ramady et al, 2020a , El-Ramady et al, 2020b , El-Ramady et al, 2021a , El-Ramady et al, 2020c , El-Ramady et al, 2021b ). This disease increases the difficulties and life burdens on the humanity beside the global malnutrition and hidden hunger.…”

Section: Challenges Of Biofortification In the Era Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It could be defined as “ biofortification is a process that enhances the bioavailable concentrations of enriched vitamins or minerals in staple diet like rice achieved through three different approaches, namely (a) agronomic biofortification, (b) conventional breeding or (c) transgenic and gene editing approaches ” ( Tiozon et al, 2021 ). The applied nutrients in form of nanoparticles to enrich the edible plants for human health is called nano-biofortification as reported in many studies on Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn oxide-NPs ( Liu et al, 2016 ), on ZnO-NPs ( Abdel Latef et al, 2017 , Thunugunta et al, 2018 ), and nano-selenium (e.g., El-Ramady et al, 2020a , El-Ramady et al, 2020b , El-Ramady et al, 2020c ; Seleiman et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Nano-biofortification For Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The nano-biofortification is a new approach which helps to enrich the crops with essential nutrients to supplement human diet with balanced diet using -nutrients against malnutrition. This new approach has several advantages and disadvantages like nano-fertilizers or nanoparticles-based nutrients ( El-Ramady et al, 2020a , El-Ramady et al, 2020b , El-Ramady et al, 2020c ). These nano-nutrients like other nanomaterials have positive and negative impacts on the natural ecosystem and human health ( Malakar et al, 2021 , Silva et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-biofortification of different crops to immune against COVID-19: A review

El-Ramady

Abdalla

Elbasiouny

et al. 2021

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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Human health and its improvement are the main target of several studies related to medical, agricultural and industrial sciences. The human health is the primary conclusion of many studies. The improving of human health may include supplying the people with enough and safe nutrients against malnutrition to fight against multiple diseases like COVID-19. Biofortification is a process by which the edible plants can be enriched with essential nutrients for human health against malnutrition. After the great success of biofortification approach in the human struggle against malnutrition, a new biotechnological tool in enriching the crops with essential nutrients in the form of nanoparticles to supplement human diet with balanced diet is called nano-biofortification. Nano biofortification can be achieved by applying the nano particles of essential nutrients (e.g., Cu, Fe, Se and Zn) foliar or their nano-fertilizers in soils or waters. Not all essential nutrients for human nutrition can be biofortified in the nano-form using all edible plants but there are several obstacles prevent this approach. These stumbling blocks are increased due to COVID-19 and its problems including the global trade, global breakdown between countries, and global crisis of food production. The main target of this review was to evaluate the nano-biofortification process and its using against malnutrition as a new approach in the era of COVID-19. This review also opens many questions, which are needed to be answered like is nano-biofortification a promising solution against malnutrition? Is COVID-19 will increase the global crisis of malnutrition? What is the best method of applied nano-nutrients to achieve nano-biofortification? What are the challenges of nano-biofortification during and post of the COVID-19?

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Section: Challenges Of Biofortification In the Era Of Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Nano-biofortification For Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nano-biofortification of different crops to immune against COVID-19: A review

El-Ramady

Abdalla

Elbasiouny

et al. 2021

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

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“…This adds extra load to the landfills. In some cases, waste will reach drainage systems or water bodies, which increases the seriousness of water pollution (Fan et al, 2021;Mori et al, 2020;Tripathi et al, 2020), and may lead to viral transmission (El-Ramady et al, 2020b;Liu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Links Between Waste Disposal and Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Planning for disposal of COVID-19 pandemic wastes in developing countries: a review of current challenges

El-Ramady

Brevik

Elbasiouny

et al. 2021

Environ Monit Assess

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Graphical abstract The health sector is critical to the well-being of any country, but developing countries have several obstacles that prevent them from providing adequate health care. This became an even larger concern after the COVID-19 outbreak left millions of people dead worldwide and generated huge amounts of infected or potentially infected wastes. The management and disposal of medical wastes during and post-COVID-19 represent a major challenge in all countries, but this challenge is particularly great for developing countries that do not have robust waste disposal infrastructure. The main problems in developing countries include inefficient treatment procedures, limited capacity of healthcare facilities, and improper waste disposal procedures. The management of medical wastes in most developing countries was primitive prior to the pandemic. The improper treatment and disposal of these wastes in our current situation may further speed COVID-19 spread, creating a serious risk for workers in the medical and sanitation fields, patients, and all of society. Therefore, there is a critical need to discuss emerging challenges in handling, treating, and disposing of medical wastes in developing countries during and after the COVID-19 outbreak. There is a need to determine best disposal techniques given the conditions and limitations under which developing countries operate. Several open questions need to be investigated concerning this global issue, such as to what extent developing countries can control the expected environmental impacts of COVID-19, particularly those related to medical wastes? What are the projected management scenarios for medical wastes under the COVID-19 outbreak? And what are the major environmental risks posed by contaminated wastes related to COVID-19 treatment? Studies directed at the questions above, careful planning, the use of large capacity mobile recycling facilities, and following established guidelines for disposal of medical wastes should reduce risk of COVID-19 spread in developing countries.

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