New polypropylene blends toughened by polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in-reactor alloy: Compositional and morphological influence on mechanical properties

Li, Rongbo; Zhang, Xiuqin; Zhao, Ying; Hu, Xuteng; Zhao, Xutao; Wang, Dujin

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2009.09.026

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…4. One can see that ethylene-propylene rubber (EPR) had the best toughening effect at room temperature, possibly because EPR, of all of the three toughening agents investigated, has the most similar structure to, and thus the highest compatibility with, PPR [10]. However, at a lower temperature of À25 C, PEGC had the best toughening effect for PPR compared with POE and EPR, since LLDPE was grafted onto the backbone chains of iPP in the PEGC particles, which acted as a compatibilizer to repress the crystalline-phase separation of LLDPE from iPP; the glass transition temperature (T g ) of LLDPE was À39 C, much lower than that of PPR, À19 C. As a result, the low-temperature (at À25 C) impact of PPR changed from brittle fracture to ductile fracture on addition of PEGC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and is a measure of the rate of non-isothermal crystallization; a is the ratio of the apparent Avrami index, n, to the Ozawa index, m, during non-isothermal crystallization: a ¼ n m (10) According to the Mo method (Equation 8), lnf is plotted against lnt at each of the predetermined relative degrees of crystallinity (20, 40, 60 and 80%) for the PEGC modified PPRs, the results of which are given in Fig. 12.…”

Section: Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics Of Pegc-modified Pprmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of toughening propylene/ethylene graft copolymer on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polypropylene random-copolymerized with a small amount of ethylene

Shao

Cheng

et al. 2015

Polymer Testing

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Non-isothermal Crystallization Kinetics Of Pegc-modified Pprmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of toughening propylene/ethylene graft copolymer on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polypropylene random-copolymerized with a small amount of ethylene

Shao

Cheng

et al. 2015

Polymer Testing

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“…Meanwhile, PLLA exhibits good rigidity and thermoplastic process ability, and thus has been a competitive alternative to some traditional polymers in the fields of food packaging, textile, clothing, etc. Actually, the physical/mechanical properties and end‐use performance of semi‐crystalline polymer are strongly dependent on its crystallization behavior and crystalline structure . Since the crystallization rate of PLLA is so slow, it even remains amorphous after processing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Crystallization Rate of Poly(l -lactide) Mediated by a Hydrazide Compound: Nucleating Mechanism Study

Xing

Dong

et al. 2015

Macromol. Chem. Phys.

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A low molecular weight hydrazide compound, tetramethylenedicarboxylic di (2-hydroxybenzohydrazide) (TMBH), greatly improves the crystallization rate and crystallinity of poly( Llactide) (PLLA). The nucleating effi ciency of TMBH on the crystallization of PLLA exhibits obvious concentration dependence, which increases fi rst and then decreases slightly with the increase of TMBH loading, reaching a maximum at 0.3 wt%. Time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy spectra indicate that the formation of skeletal conformational ordering structure of PLLA has been accelerated in the presence of TMBH, which can act as effi cient precursors speeding up both the nucleation of PLLA on TMBH surface and the formation of intrachain 10 3 helix structure. The possible hydrogen bonding interaction between the OH or NH groups in TMBH and the C O groups in PLLA backbones is supposed to be an important factor, which promotes the migration of PLLA chains to TMBH crystallites and the emergence of interchain interactions as well as the conformational ordering.

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“…Although there are other techniques that can accomplish thermal fractionation, e.g. successive self‐nucleation and annealing (SSA), this method is very sensitive to the initial self‐seeding temperature as well as the annealing steps selected …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Use of Solid‐State NMR to Investigate the Development of Segmental Mobility in Commercial Heterophasic Ethylene Propylene Copolymers (HEPCs)

Botha

Sinha

Duveskog

et al. 2015

Macro Reaction Engineering

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The effect increasing ethylene incorporation on the development of commercial heterophasic ethylene propylene copolymers (HEPCs) was previously evaluated in terms of particle morphology, chemical composition, crystallinity, and microstructure. These polymers were obtained from a commercial gas-phase process and enabled the visualization of the early development of the copolymer phase while including the effects of large-scale production processes on the resulting polymer properties. Based on the ethylene-dependent changes observed for the HEPCs as well as some semi-crystalline TREF fractions, further variable temperature solid-state 13 C NMR experiments were done to observe temperature-dependent shifts in localised mobility within the bulk samples during a heating/melting profile. From these experiments, the development of amorphous polypropylene signals was observed with increasing temperature, which could indirectly be related to the introduction of ethylene defects. It was also observed that polypropylene components with high rigidity remained at high temperatures for the HEPCs but not for the homopolymer. T 1 r experiments were used to differentiate between changes in crystalline and non-crystalline phases based on ethylene incorporation as well as during melting. In this publication, the observations from the perspective of the solid-state analyses are outlined and placed in the context of the evolution of microscopic, chemical, microstructural, and mechanical properties.

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New polypropylene blends toughened by polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in-reactor alloy: Compositional and morphological influence on mechanical properties

Cited by 50 publications

References 54 publications

Effects of toughening propylene/ethylene graft copolymer on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polypropylene random-copolymerized with a small amount of ethylene

Effects of toughening propylene/ethylene graft copolymer on the crystallization behavior and mechanical properties of polypropylene random-copolymerized with a small amount of ethylene

Enhanced Crystallization Rate of Poly(l -lactide) Mediated by a Hydrazide Compound: Nucleating Mechanism Study

The Use of Solid‐State NMR to Investigate the Development of Segmental Mobility in Commercial Heterophasic Ethylene Propylene Copolymers (HEPCs)

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