New potential carbon emission reduction enterprises in China: deep geological storage of CO₂ emitted through industrial usage of coal in China

Abstract

Deep geological storage of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) could offer an essential solution to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from the continued use of fossil fuels. Currently, CO 2 capture is both costly and energy intensive; it represents about 60% of the cost of the total carbon capture and storage (CCS) chain which is causing a bottleneck in advancement of CCS in China. This paper proposes capturing CO 2 from coal chemical plants where the CO 2 is high purity and relatively cheap to collect, thus offering an early opportunity for industrial-scale full-chain CCS implementation. The total amount of high concentration CO 2 that will be emitted (or is being emitted) by the coal chemical factories approved by the National Development and Reform Commission described in this paper is 42 million tonnes. If all eight projects could utilize CCS, it would be of great significance for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions in China. Basins which may provide storage sites for captured CO 2 in North China are characterized by large sedimentary thicknesses and several sets of reservoircaprock strata. Some oil fields are nearing depletion and a sub-set of these are potentially suitable for CO 2 enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CCS demonstration but all these still require detailed geological characterisation. The short distance between the high concentration CO 2 sources and potential storage sites should reduce transport costs and complications. The authors believe these high purity sources coupled with EOR or aquifer storage could offer China an opportunity to lead development in this globally beneficial CCS option.

Environmental concern-based site screening of carbon dioxide geological storage in China

“…Therefore, from a macro perspective, the Xinjiang, Qinghai, and Inner Mongolia region, usually called the Big Three region as one collective environment-friendly region for CCS in China, are regarded as the first priority region for strategic deployment of China’s CCS projects. In particular, the Big Three region is well aligned with the location of China’s coal chemical industry planning during the past decade 81 , 82 and early planning for CO 2 enhanced water recovery technology announced during the China-U.S. Joint Announcement on Climate Change and Clean Energy Cooperation released on November 11, 2014 83 , 84 .…”

Assessment and uncertainty quantification of onshore geological CO2 storage capacity in China

“…Emission sources that can be found in its proximity include the Shenhua Ningxia Coal industry Group (about 3 Mt/y of CO2 emissions). Furthermore, it is noted that a pilot project with a storage potential of about 1 Mt of CO2 is already in place (Zeng et al, 2013). Wei et al (2013) suggest that Ordos (B5 in Fig.…”

Photocatalytic Chemical CO2 Fixation by Cu-BDC Nanosheet@Macroporous–Mesoporous-TiO2 under Mild Conditions

“…With the rapid development of industrialization, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), the major component of greenhouse gases, , has been continually increasing, and this issue inevitably poses a serious threat to the environment . Therefore, how to effectively promote the capture and conversion of CO 2 has become the focus of green chemistry in recent years. , Meanwhile, CO 2 is also a ubiquitous, low-cost, and renewable C1 resource, , and the catalytic transformation of CO 2 into high-value fine chemicals can be regarded as a promising strategy to utilize CO 2 . , However, the inherent thermodynamic stability and kinetic inertness hinder the chemical synthesis of CO 2 , because CO 2 is located in the most stable valence state in carbon derivatives. − At present, chemical fixation of CO 2 is limited by the strict reaction conditions, for instance, the sensitive reagent of noncatalytic processes, , high-cost noble metal catalysts and organic ligands, long reaction time, or extremely high pressure .…”

“…With the rapid development of industrialization, the emission of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), the major component of greenhouse gases, 1,2 has been continually increasing, 3 and this issue inevitably poses a serious threat to the environment. 4 Therefore, how to effectively promote the capture and conversion of CO 2 has become the focus of green chemistry in recent years.…”