New power-saving complex for drying seeds of corn

Abstract

The purpose. To determine technical-technological parameters of new power-saving complex which consists of standard chamber corn dryer and generator of warm, working from incineration of rods of corn. Full substitution of traditional not restored power resources on vegetable biofuel ensures saving of power. Methods. Generalization of literary data, holding experimental, laboratory and field experiments. Results. Basic technicaltechnological indexes of new power-saving complex, namely temperature and ventilation regimes, parameters of relative humidity of working and completed heating medium, speed of drying, drying capacity and quality factors of the exsiccated seeds are specified. The temperature regime in the complex oscillated within the limits of 38 -43°С, depending on damp of corn cobs. Ventilation regime consisted depending on power of ventilation aggregates and service conditions of fuel-air compartment. Relative humidity of working heating medium made 10 -12 %, completed -20 -44 % depending on stage of drying. Speed of drying oscillated within the limits of 0,16 -0,39 %/ , productivity made 1,2 -6,0 t-%/hour, depending on mass of corn cobs, their damp and exposure of drying. New method of drying had no negative effect on quality of seeds of hybrids of corn and their parent ingredients. Conclusions. Technical-technological parameters established by authors may be recommended for new power-saving complex and ensure fast and uniform mealies drying, exit of high-quality conditioned seeds, full substitution of traditional fuel (liquid, gaseous) for biofuel (plant residues).Introduction. Drying is the most responsible technological operation in the process of post-harvest processing of high quality corn seeds. From this process, the decrease in the moisture content of corn grain to a safe dry condition, preservation of its quality, energy consumption [1,2].The main parameters of the current (regulated) method of drying of seed corn cobs in the typical chamber grain dryer SKP are: temperature regime of 35-50 ° C depending on the moisture content of the grain, successive or parallel incorporation of chambers into work, cyclical drying schedule, reversal, ie, change in the direction of blowing of chambers, which provides more uniform drying of the cobs along the entire height of the embankment [3,4]. But this method is quite energy-consuming due to the current performance conditions. Therefore, there is a need to search and create new methods of drying with a significant reduction in energy costs.Today various technical and technological operations are known, which contribute to the reduction of energy consumption in the process of drying maize, are two-stage drying of cobs with pre-drying in grain, pulsed drying mode with alternation of heating and cooling, drying at maximum allowable temperatures [5][6][7][8]. Tricks that contribute to lowering energy consumption include sealing of dryers, maximum loading of drying chambers, removal of self-crushing (grain) from the mass of caches.All known energy-saving technol...

Influence of a New Energy-Saving Drying Method on the Quality of Corn Seeds

“…On average, for all studied hybrids, the increase in seeds field germination after energy-saving drying was 2-7% (Table 4). This proves that the working coolant formed from the biomass combustion had the optimal temperature and relative humidity [23].…”

“…The new energy-saving complex, consisting of a typical SKP chamber corn dryer and a new TPG heat generator, worked in accordance with the regulated drying regime, i.e. maintained the optimal temperature and relative humidity of the working coolant [23].…”